中国产业及劳动力逆向流动分析——以重庆与北京、广东的比较为例  

Analysis on Reverse Flowing of China's Industry and Labor

作　　者：吴安[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆社会科学院,重庆400020

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2004年第12期12-19,共8页China Industrial Economics

摘　　要：当前,我国产业及劳动力呈现逆向流动的特征,其重要原因在于两种劳动力成本的巨大反差。西部地区劳动力绝对成本较低,相对成本较高,导致劳动力大量流出、承接产业转移难。劳动力相对成本的高低,直接取决于劳动力绝对成本与劳动生产率,更深层次则是区位、劳动者数量与质量、管理水平、资本资源、自然资源、技术资源、产业配套、现代物流体系、政务环境等因素合力作用的结果。西部要较好实现劳动力绝对成本优势向相对成本优势的转换,必须有效整合各种资源,扩大优势资源的引力,挖掘非优势资源的转换潜力,才能创造承接产业转移、吸引劳动力回流的良好基础。At present, the industry and workforce of China present the reverse characteristic of flowing, its reason lies in the enormous contrast of two kinds of labor costs which are the absolute cost and the relative cost. The absolute cost of the workforce in the Western Region is relatively low, but the relative cost is relatively high, thus workforce flux and accepting industry shifts difficultly. Workforce's relative cost level depends on the absolute cost of the workforce and labor productivity directly, furthermore, there are many factors, such as the region, labor's quantity and quality, capital resources, technological resources, modern logistics system, government affairs environment that comprehensively forces the result on function. If the West wants to realize the conversion from the workforce's absolute cost advantage to the relative cost advantage better, it must combine various kinds of resources effectively, expand the attraction of the superior resources, and excavate the conversion potentiality of no-superior resources.

关 键 词：劳动力绝对成本 劳动力相对成本 产业转移 劳动力转移 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]