下关穴的局部解剖学及神经元分布的定位研究  

Study on Xiaguan point topography and the neurons' location

作　　者：刘瑾[1] 吕梦翔[1] 张崇智[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学解剖学教研室,天津300070

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2004年第4期272-273,276,F002,共4页Anatomy Research

摘　　要：目的对下关穴区进行层次局部解剖观察及分布于该区的传入和传出神经元定位,为穴位针刺研究提供形态学基础。方法对20只wistar大鼠进行下关穴层次局部解剖观察和HRP逆行追踪大白鼠下关穴区的神经元投射。结果(1)下关穴区局部层次解剖观察证明穴位非由一种组织构成,而是由多种组织构成的一种多层次立体结构,穴位区有大量血管、神经配布;(2)根据HRP逆行追踪结果,发现分布于下关穴区的传入神经元位于三叉神经节和三叉神经中脑核;传出神经元位于三叉神经运动核和面神经核。结论为下关穴的临床针刺治疗三叉神经痛、颞下颌关节功能紊乱和面瘫等疾病的机制研究提供了形态学基础。Objective Topography oberservation of Xiaguan point and the location of the afferent neurons and the efferent neurons to provide the morphological foundation for Xiaguan point acupuncture research. Methods (1) Xiaguan point topography and oberservation. (2)Antidromic tracing the rat Xiaguan point neurons' projection with HRP. Results (1) The topography and oberservation confirm the fact that the acupoint was a steric of the several tissues structure not a single structure. There were many blood vessels and nerves nearby the acupoint. (2) According to the results of HRP, Xiaguan point afferent neurons come from the trigeminal ganglion and the mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve. Xiaguan point efferent neurons come from the motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve and the nucleus of facial nerve. Conclution The results provide morphological foundation to the treatment of prosopalgia, disorders of temporomandibular joint and faparalysis by Xiaguan point acupuncture.

关 键 词：下关穴 神经元 局部解剖学 穴位 观察 HRP 逆行追踪 层次 传人 证明 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]