氮钾肥对叶菜产量和品质的效应  

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND POTASH FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF LEAFY VEGETABLES

作　　者：孙彭寿 李会合[2] 戴亨林 

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业局,重庆400000 [2]西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《西南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第6期710-714,共5页Journal of Southwest Agricultural University

基　　金：重庆市科委攻关资助项目(2000-6208)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验研究了氮钾肥对3种叶菜产量和品质的效应。结果表明,增施氮肥使大白菜和芹菜增产22.7%～36.5%和12.2%～44.6%,对甘蓝产量影响不大;增施钾肥提高大白菜、甘蓝和芹菜产量7.8%～22.8%,14.1%～32.7%和34.6%～54.1%。氮肥用量与3种叶菜产量均表现为极显著的二次回归关系,钾肥用量与大白菜、甘蓝产量间存在极显著的直线关系,而芹菜产量与钾肥的用量呈极显著的二次回归关系。增施氮肥提高3种叶菜硝酸盐含量,增施钾肥对大白菜和芹菜硝酸盐含量的影响不大,对甘蓝则为低钾(K1)使硝酸盐含量提高4.4%,高钾则降低硝酸盐33.3%～41.1%。氮钾肥对3种叶菜营养品质的效应因叶菜种类各异。3种叶菜的Vc含量以大白菜最高,芹菜最低;可溶性糖含量和氨基酸含量均以甘蓝最高,芹菜最低。A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of N and K fertilizers on the yield and quality of three leafy vegetables. Application of N increased the yield of Chinese cabbage and celery by 22.7%～36.5% and 12.2%～44.6%, respectively; while K application increased the yield of Chinese cabbage, Cabbage and Celery by 7.8%～22.8%, 14.1%～32.7% and 34.6%～54.1%, respectively. The relationship between N rate and the yield of the 3 vegetables could be well described with quadratic regression equations. A significant linear relationship was found between K rate and the yield of Chinese cabbage and Cabbage, while a significant quadratic regression relationship was found to exist between celery yield and K rate. N application enhanced nitrate content of all the three vegetables studied and low K rate increased nitrate content of Cabbage by 4.4% and high K rate reduced it by 33.3%～41.1%. The effect of N and K on the nutritional quality varied with vegetable species. Vitamin C was highest in Chinese cabbage and lowest in Celery, and soluble sugars and amino acids were highest in Cabbage and lowest in Celery.

关 键 词：氮肥 钾肥 叶类蔬菜 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S636.062[农业科学—蔬菜学]