新生儿颅内出血的临床分析  

Cranial CT feature and clinical analysis of neonatel intracranial hemorrhage:clinical analysis of 176 cases

作　　者：刘芳[1] 赵芳[1] 马立燕[1] 吕菁[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医学院附属医院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2004年第12期786-788,共3页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的　为探讨各种类型新生儿颅内出血的早期诊断方法 ,明确其临床特点与CT的关系。方法　对176例经CT证实有颅内出血新生儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 176例患儿中缺氧所致 12 3例 (72 .6 % ) ,产伤 2 1例 (11.9% ) ,新生儿出血症 2 2例 (12 .5 % ) ,早产儿 10例。患儿有意识障碍者 15 6例 (88.6 % ) ,惊厥 98例(5 5 .6 8% ) ,肌张力改变 113例 (6 4 .2 % ) ,原始反射减弱或消失 10 4例 (5 9% ) ,贫血 16例。CT示 :SAH 12 1例 ,占6 8.75 % ,为NICH最常见类型 ;SDH 17例 ,IPH 13例 ,IVH5例 ,混合性出血 2 0例。结论　根据临床表现考虑NICH者应做头颅CT或头颅B超检查。CT是确诊的最佳手段 ,能正确显示出血部位、范围、程度及区分各种类型 ,头颅B超对早产儿、低出生体重儿的IVH、IPH检出率高。Objectives To discuss the early diagnosis methods of varies of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage(ICH),to investigate the relation between cranial CT and clinical cases.Methods To analyse 176 cases of ICH that were examined by cranial CT last six years in our hospital.Results Hypoxia 123 cases(72.6%),birth trauma 21 cases(11.9%),neonatal hemorrhage 22 cases(12.5%),premature 10 cases (5.68%), altered states of consciousness 156 cases(88.6%),convulsion 98 cases(55.68%),altered states of nuscule tone 113 cases (64.2%), primary reflex faintly or disappear 104 cases(59%),anemia 16 cases.Cranial CT shows SAH 121 cases(68.75%),this is very common type;SDH 17 cases,IPH 13 cases,mixed hemorrhage 20 cases.Conculsion The neonates with hypoxia,abnormal laber,birth trauma and premature,especialy<32 weeks low birth weight,uninjected VirK 1 ought to be monitored state of consciouness,tone of fontanel,size of pupil,rhythm of breath,or cranial CT.The best method is cranial CT scanm,can accurately show location,arrange,degree of hemorrhage,and sistinguish type of hemorrhage.Cranial ultrasound is high diagnosis rate for IVH,IPH of premature and low birth wieght.

关 键 词：新生儿 颅内出血 头颅CT 

分 类 号：R722.15[医药卫生—儿科]