1991—1992年ENSO事件的特征  

THE CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE 1991 - 1992 ENSO EVENT

作　　者：李若钝[1] 邹娥梅[1] 刘丽惠[1] 孙瑞本[1] 曲维政[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋大学

出　　处：《热带气象学报》1993年第4期358-363,共6页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国际WOCE合作研究课题

摘　　要：根据美国国家海洋大气局气候分析中心(CAC)和中国气象局气候监测公报所提供的海—气资料,综合分析了1991—1992年ENSO事件的形成、发展过程。这次ENSO事件的主要特点是:(1)在ENSO事件爆发前一年内热带太平洋海气特性频频呈现异常,暖水堆积在赤道中太平洋(5°N—5°S,160°E—160°W)约12个月,然后自西向东传输,爆发1991—1992年ENSO事件。(2)对ENSO事件作出响应的西太平洋副高在这次ENSO事件爆发前12个月出现异常,其明显增强,且在爆发期位置较正常偏西、偏北,导致ENSO事件前异常的气象变化.(3)在这次ENSO事件中,海-气参数发生二次异常的变化,第二次是ENSO事件延长及增强的主要原因。Based on the oceanographic and meteorological data provided by the Climate Analysis Center (CAC) of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) and climate monitor bulletin of State Meteorological Administration (PRC), comprehensive analyses for the characteristics of genesis and evolution of 1991/1992 ENSO event are made in this paper. The results show that the main feature of this ENSO event is as follows that ( 1 ) anomalous oceanic and atmospheric characteristics frequently appear one year prior to ENSO event , which caused the warm water accumulate in the central equatorial Pacific (5°N-5°S, 160°E - 160°W) for about twelve months, before transporting from the west to the east to trigger the 1991/1992 ENSO event; (2) the anomalous variation of subtropical high in the western Pacific responding to ENSO event occurred twelve months prior to the onset of this ENSO event, and it appeared to be obviously strong, and its position to the northwest was comparable with normal condition during the onset stage of ENSO , Which results in anomalous meteorological factor occurrence prior to ENSO event ; and ( 3 ) the air - sea parameters during this ENSO event appear twice anomalous variation corresponding to ENSO, and the second anomalous variation is the main reason for making the ENSO event a long and strenghened period.

关 键 词：东传型 厄尔尼诺事件 反沃克环流 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]