儿童最大有氧活动能力的发展特征  

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAXIMAL AEROBIC POWER IN CHINESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

作　　者：林琬生[1] 季成叶[1] 袁捷[1] 温大英 肖建文 张琳[1] 张玉清[2] 洪峰[2] 关英华[2] 朱一力[2] 梁蕾[2] 陈春英[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京医科大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100083 [2]北京体育师范学院,北京100088

出　　处：《人类学学报》1993年第4期383-393,共11页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;3880673号

摘　　要：本文报告了我国463名10-19岁儿童青少年的最大有氧活动能力的发展特征。在青春早期,男女童的最大吸氧量(O_2max)绝对值均随年龄增长而增加,男童由1.75升/分增至3.10升/分,女童由1.44升/分增至2.07升/分,女童增长较少;以后女童即稳定于这一水平,男童仍略有增长。按身高及按最大心率计标的相对值与其有相似的特征。按体重和瘦体重计算的相对值,在男女童都未见随年龄增长的规律。男童O_2max绝对值及各项相对值均明显高于女童,且性别差异有随年龄增长而增大的趋势。This paper reported the maximal aerobic power of 463 Chinese children and adolescents, aged 10-19 years. The absolute values of maximal oxygen intake (VO2max) in boys and girls were 1.75-3.26 and 1.44-2.10 L/min, respectively. The relative values of VO2max in height (vO2max / height) were 12.35-19.42 ml/cm.min for boys and 10.18-13.42 ml/cm.min for girls, the VO2max / weight were 48.60-56.59 ml / kg.min for boys and 39.34-45.56 ml / kg.min for girls, the VO2max / lean-body-mass were 58.98-65.28 ml/kg.min for boys and 54.90-59.04 ml / kg.min for girls, and the maximal values of oxygen pulse(VO2max / HRmax) were 8.58-16.67 ml / beat for boys and 6.88-10.35 ml / beat for girls. In the early adolescence, the values of VO2max, VO2max / height and VO2max / HRmax increased with chronological age in all children, but the increment was less in girls. The regular increase with age was not seen in the VO2max / weight and VO2max/ LBM for boys and gilrs. The values in each VO2max index in boys were larger than in girls.

关 键 词：最大吸氧量 最大有氧活动 儿童 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]