水流冲击管道内滞留气团的刚性数学模型  

Rigid model for transient flow in pressurized pipe system containing trapped air mass

作　　者：刘德有[1] 索丽生[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水科学进展》2004年第6期717-722,共6页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50179008);教育部高校博士点专项科研基金资助项目(20010294006)~~

摘　　要：通过数学分析证明,在不计局部水头损失时,目前常用的几种简化刚性数学模型的最大气压计算结果相等,并与管道内初始充水段长度无关。但算例表明,对于初始充水段较短或滞留气团体积很小情况,这些简化模型的计算误差将达到不容忽视的程度,甚至导出错误结论。笔者导出的完整刚性数学模型,弥补了简化模型的不足,同时指出了刚性模型的理论缺陷和适用条件。The mathematical analysis shows that, with disregarding local head losses and by means of different simplified rigid models, the calculated results of the maximum pressure in a pressurized pipe system containing trapped air mass are equal to and independent of the initial length of the water-column. However, the calculation examples in this paper indicate that, if the initial water-column length is relatively short or the volume of the trapped gas is very small, the calculation error may be significant and even leads to a false conclusion.Therefore a complete rigid model is then presented in this paper, along with its theoretical limitation and suitable application terms.

关 键 词：管道 瞬变流 滞留气团 水锤 刚性模型 

分 类 号：TV131.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]