基于Ontology的空间知识查询方法及其应用  

Study on Spatial Knowledge Querying Methods Based on Ontology

作　　者：王敬贵[1] 苏奋振[1] 杜云艳 杨晓梅[1] 陈秀法[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地球信息科学》2004年第4期93-99,共7页Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家高科技"863"计划海洋监测主题重点资助项目(2003AA604040);青年基金项目(2002AA639400;2002AA639640)

摘　　要：传统的GIS空间信息查询基于要素或属性数据,无法实现知识和语义层次上的综合查询;而基于元数据的空间信息查询是要素类层次以上的数据集的查询,并未实现要素级上的信息查询。而且这两种空间信息查询方式多面向GIS专业人员,查询操作过程复杂,查询结果表达过于形式化,不适合于广大普通用户及决策人员。本文提出了一种基于Ontology的空间知识查询(ODSKQ)方法,其面向非专业用户,查询请求采用自然语言描述,查询结果高度综合和知识化,为用户提供对问题的直接回答,而屏蔽查询过程中复杂的逻辑推理和地学计算过程,实现了知识和语义层次上的智能化、自动化空间信息查询。本文以海岸带资源环境应用为例,展示了ODSKQ方法的实现过程,验证了ODSKQ方法的可行性和有效性。Spatial information querying methods in traditional GIS have many limitations, their operation is complicated, the presentation of querying results is highly formalized, and their user interfaces are so complex that they are not suitable for most people and decision makers. An Ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization, as a tool for conceptual modeling which can describe information system on semantic and knowledge level, it is quite suitable for information retrieving on semantic and knowledge level. In this paper, we developed a new spatial information query method, named ODSKQ, which means Ontology-Driven Spatial Knowledge Query. The ODSKQ method is built directly for users who have not special knowledge on GIS, and because it uses natural language to describe querying conditions. The result of querying is highly synthetical and knowledgeable, providing users direct answers while hiding the complicated calculation and reasoning processes, it is indeed a highly humanized, intelligent spatial querying method. In the end of this paper, we took spatial query of resources and environment domain in coastal zone as an example to verify the possibility and usefulness of ODSKQ, and the results showed that the ODSKQ method is very useful and powerful in the process of solving spatial problems.

关 键 词：空间知识查询 地理Ontology 海岸带 资源环境 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] P747.99[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]