水压冲击式凿岩机的噪声分析与试验研究  

NOISE ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WATER-POWERED IMPACT ROCKDRILL

作　　者：周梓荣[1] 李夕兵[2] 曾曙林[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工程学院机械电子工程系,湘潭411001 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙410000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2004年第4期60-63,共4页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：目前在矿山大量使用的气动凿岩机工作噪声高达 12 5dB(A) ,严重危害工人的身体健康 ,且长期得不到实质性改善 ;水压凿岩机具有气动凿岩机无法比拟的高效率、低噪声的性能优势 ,又有液 (油 )压凿岩机所不具备的结构简单、成本相对低廉的特点 ,因而适用于众多发展中国家特别是薄矿层开采和中、小巷道掘进。介绍了新型冲击式水压凿岩机的工作原理、结构形式、水压凿岩机噪声发生机制和控制措施以及水压凿岩机主要技术参数、性能测试数据及与风动凿岩机的对比情况结果表明 :水压凿岩机工作噪声比风动凿岩机降低 2 0dB(A) ,凿岩速度在工作压力为 11MPa时比气动凿岩机在 0 .5MPa风压时提高 60 %以上 ,具有明显的优势。Pneumatic drill used widely in mines produces severe noise pollution with the level up to 125 dB(A), which is severely harmful to workers health. Water-powered impact rockdrill rock drill is superior to pneumatic rock drill in performance and it has the advantages of simplicity in structure and low cost comparing with hydraulic ones. It is suitable for use in developing countries and for excavation and mining in middle or small hard rock mines. The working principle and the main structure of water-powered rockdrill are introduced. The reasons of noise generation and the methods of noise reduction are discussed. Its main technical parameters and the performance data measured by testing in mine and experiment in laboratory are presented. The experimental results show that the noise of rock drill using high pressure water is 20 dB(A) less than that of pneumatic rock drill, the drilling speed of the former under the pressure of 11 MPa is 60% more than that of the later under the air pressure of 0.4 MPa and the energy consumption of the former is only 1/3 of the later. So rock drill using high pressure water is of obvious potential superiority.

关 键 词：水压凿岩机 气动凿岩机 冲击式 巷道掘进 矿山 开采 风压 试验研究 情况 机具 

分 类 号：TU661[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TD421[矿业工程—矿山机电]