普通小麦品种多酚氧化酶活性的变异  

Variation of Polyphenol Oxidase Activity in Common Wheat Varieties

作　　者：杨朝柱[1] 马传喜[1] 司红起[1] 阎宗武 张磊[1] 赵海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学系,合肥230036 [2]湖北恩施自治州红庙农业科学研究所,恩施445001

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2004年第11期1713-1717,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270825)

摘　　要：以邻苯二酚为底物,采用全籽粒浸提分光光度法测定了200个普通小麦品种的多酚氧化酶活性,结果表明:(1)不同多酚氧化酶活性范围的品种频次分布呈偏态性,峰值倾向低多酚氧化酶活性一侧;(2)种皮颜色和胚乳质地与多酚氧化酶活性有关。红皮品种PPO活性高于100AU·min-1·g-1的占31.82%,高于200.0AU·min-1·g-1的占11.63%;白皮品种PPO活性变幅较小,主要集中在28.3AU·min-1·g-1左右,高于100AU·min-1·g-1仅占10.40%,高于200AU·min-1·g-1的占0.06%。总体上看,在平均PPO活性和具有高PPO活性的品种比例上,白皮小麦显著低于红皮小麦品种;(3)白皮粉质和半角质小麦中,PPO活性低的品种较多;(4)我国大面积种植的一些小麦品种PPO活性差异很大,黄淮麦区的很多品种PPO活性在20～50AU·min-1·g-1之间,属PPO活性较低的类型。Taking catechol as substrate, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities in two hundred common wheat varieties were assayed by means of full-seed steeped in distilled water to extract PPO and measuring PPO activities by spectrophotometric methods. The results indicated that (1) frequency of varieties at different ranges of polyphenol oxidase activity showed skewed curve distribution, and top value trended to low polyphenol oxidase activity aside. (2) The variation of PPO activity was related to grain color and vitreousness. In red wheat, the rates of varieties with PPO activity above 100 AU·min-1·g-1 and 200.0 AU·min-1·g-1 were 31.82% and 11.63%, respectively. The variation of white wheat varieties was smaller than that of red wheat. The peak of PPO activity distribution curve in white wheat was close to 28.3 AU·min-1·g-1, and the rate of varieties with PPO activity above 100 AU·min-1·g-1 and 200 AU·min-1·g-1 were 10.40% and 0.06%, respectively. Generally, white wheat was significantly lower than those of red wheat in mean PPO activity and variety numbers with high PPO activity. (3) There was a high rate of low PPO activity varieties in white and chalky or half-vitreous wheat. (4) The variation among the Chinese commercial popular varieties in PPO activity was significant. Many white grain varieties from Huanghuai Wheat-growing Region had lower PPO activity (20～50 AU·min-1·g-1).

关 键 词：普通小麦 多酚氧化酶 酶活性 品种变异 全籽粒浸提 分光光度法 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]