新疆甘家湖自然保护区啮齿动物群落结构与时间动态分析  

Analysis for Community Structure and Change of the Rodents at Ganjiahu Natural Reserve in Xinjiang

作　　者：周旭东[1] 张永军[1] 黄健[1] 张大铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2004年第6期58-61,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30260025);国家森林鼠害治理工程项目"大沙鼠数量预测模型与监测办法研究"

摘　　要：2002年4月～2003年10月对精河甘家湖荒漠梭梭林国家级自然保护区的啮齿动物进行了调查,采用铗捕法,设置30个样地,共布铗30hm2,捕获啮齿动物579只,分属3科5属6种。用种类(S)、相对密度、多样性指数(H′)、均匀性指数(E)、优势度(D)5个指标对年间、季节间的鼠类群落结构进行了对比分析。结果表明,2002～2003年鼠总密度上升,子午沙鼠的优势更加突出;群落由传统的以大沙鼠为优势种变为以子午沙鼠为优势种,群落结构也由大沙鼠子午沙鼠三趾跳鼠向子午沙鼠大沙鼠三趾跳鼠演替;2002～2003年群落多样性、均匀性降低,优势度增加;从春至秋鼠总密度呈上升趋势,多样性增加;均匀性以夏季最高,优势度则春季最高。The rodent community was investigated in Ganjiahu National Natural Reserve from April 2002 to October 2003. A total of 579 individuals which belonged to 3 family 5 genus 6 species were captured in 30 plots of 1?hm 2 each. The difference of rodent community structure between years and seasons were compared, and rodent density, Shannon Wiener index( H ′),evenness ( E ), dominance ( D ) were also analyzed. The results show that the density of all rodents increases obviously from 2002 to 2003. The increase of Meriones meridianus was even more obviously and made it replace Rhombomys opimus as the first dominant species in the community.The community structure with R.opimus M.meridianusD.sagitta as major ones succeeds to M.meridianus R.opimusDipus sagitta as the major ones. Diversity, evenness of community decreases, the dominance increases from 2002 to 2003, the total density of all rodent increases continuously, diversity increases from spring to autumn, evenness is the highest in summer, and highest dominance is found in spring.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 群落结构 时间动态 甘家湖自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]