美国对奥地利政策的演变(1945—1955年)  

The Evolution of U.S. Policy towards Austria ,1945-1955

作　　者：崔丕[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学历史学系,教授广州510632

出　　处：《世界历史》2004年第6期4-14,共11页World History

摘　　要：第二次世界大战结束以后 ,美国对奥地利政策偏离了《莫斯科宣言》的方向 ,将奥地利作为被盟国解放的国家 ,反对追究奥地利的战争责任 ,极力推动奥地利的经济复兴和国内秩序稳定。美国国家安全委员会第 38 4号文件和第 1 6 4 1号文件乃是美国对奥地利政策的重要纲领。美国以奥地利只能向苏联支付实物赔偿和武装中立为条件 ,同意签署《奥地利国家条约》。促进奥地利的亲西方倾向 ,成为美国对奥地利政策的长期目标与重要特点。After the World War II, U.S. policy towards Austria has been drifted off its original stand at Moscow Declaration. The United States opposed the demanding reparations from Austria and used all feasible measures to secure Austrian economic recovery and political steady at home. NSC38/4 and NSC164/1 constituted programmatic documents during the American occupation of Austria. The Eisenhower administration refused to sign an Austrian State Treaty based on Soviet Union's agreement with Austria on its armed neutrality and accepted payments of goods for the USIA. The American major objective in Austria was the encouragement to the Austria's continued pro_Western orientation. It has also been a distinguished feature of the U.S. policy towards Austria since 1955.

关 键 词：美国 奥地利 外交政策 1945-1955年 中立化 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]