黄河潼关站洪水组合对渭河北洛河的影响  

Effect of flood synthesis at Tongguan station on the Weihe River and the Beiluohe River

作　　者：程龙渊[1] 郭相秦[1] 张松林[1] 郑艳芬[1] 刘彦娥[1] 马新明[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河三门峡库区水文水资源局,河南三门峡市472000

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2004年第6期31-35,共5页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：黄渭洛河汇流区三条河流的水沙量和汇合口段的比降差异 ,导致各种洪水组合对潼关以上黄渭洛河影响差异较大。以华阴 2 0 0m3/s的水位差作为各种洪水组合影响下渭河河口拦门沙的淤积厚 ,统计三门峡建库以来潼关站 6 7次洪水组合 ,其中黄洛型洪水 9次 ,华阴断面淤积厚 8 19m ,占总淤积厚的 5 8% ,峰均淤积0 91m ,北洛河影响占 37% ;黄单型洪水 18次 ,华阴断面峰均淤积厚 0 33m。 196 7年 8月洪水组合 10次 ,黄洛型和黄洛渭型洪水 4次 ,华阴淤积厚达 5 17m ,占 10次洪水总淤积厚的 91% ,北洛河影响占 73% ;黄单型洪水2次 ,淤积厚为 0 5 1m ,占 9%。 1994、1995年 2次黄洛河洪水组合 ,华阴断面淤厚 1 4 5m ,占总淤积厚的 5 1% ,北洛河影响占 33%。形象地说 ,北洛河是渭河的一条盲肠 ,若将北洛河改道直接入黄河 。The amounts of flow and sediment and the difference of the flow surface slopes among the three rivers (the Yellow River, the Weihe River and the Beiluohe River) in the meeting area caused different effects of different flood combinations on the meeting area upstream the Tongguan station. Taking the water level difference of 200m 3/s at Huayin cross section as the deposition thickness caused by different flood combinations, the authors analyzed 67 flood events since the construction of Sanmenxia reservoir and concluded that among them, there were 9 floods belonging to the Yellow_Beiluohe style and caused 8.19m deposition thickness at the Huayin CS, taking 58% of the total deposition and the effect from the Beiluohe River took 37%. There were 18 floods belonging to the single Yellow River style and caused 5.95m deposition thickness at Huayin CS. In August, 1967, there were 10 flood events, of which 8 floods belonging to the Yellow-Beiluohe and Yellow_Beiluohe_Weihe style respectively caused 5.17m deposition thickness, taking 91% of the 10 flood events and the effect from the Beiluohe occupied 73%, while another 2 floods belonging to the single Yellow River style caused 0.51m deposition thickness which took 9% of the 10 floods. The analyses results indicate that there is a big effect of floods from the Beiluohe River on the deposition near Huayin CS. Therefore, it will be a good way to alleviate the deposition in the lower Weihe River if the Beiluohe River is directly shifted into the Yellow River.

关 键 词：黄河洪水 渭河 倒灌 北洛河 高含沙水流 淤积 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]