小麦煤污病菌的种群组成与分布研究  

POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOOTY MOULD ON LEAF SURFACE OF WINTER WHEAT

作　　者：王立新[1] 王向积 姜广正[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护系

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》1993年第4期370-374,共5页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：对山东省7个小麦主要产区的小麦煤污病样品进行了分离培养,共获得1458个分离物,经鉴定分属11属14种真菌。其中属于煤污菌范畴的有5属8种:链格孢(Alternariaalternata),枝状枝孢(Cladosporium clodosporioides),尖孢枝孢(C.oxysporrium),草本枝孢(C.herbarum),球孢枝孢(C.sphaerosporum),出芽短梗霉(Auroeobasidium pullulans),黑附球菌(Epicoceum nigrum)和葡柄霉菌(Stemphylium botryosum)。各地的优势种群均为 Alternariaalternata 和 Cladosporium spp.两者的分离频率之和均在60％以上,但枝孢属中的具体种因地而异。对泰安市小麦不同生育期煤污病的种群变化进行研究表明,不同时期小麦煤污病菌的种群组成不同,灌浆后期种类最多,成熟期则减少,灌浆前期种类也较少,优势种群基本保持稳定。One thousand four hundred and fifty-eight isolates obtained from the leaf samples of winter wheat collected from 7 main wheat production areas in Shandong Province were identified as 17 species in 13 genera with 8 species in 5 genera belonging to sooty moulds pathogens,i,e.Alternaria alternata,Aureobasidium pullulans,Cladosparium cladosporides, C.oxysporium,C.herbarum,C.sphaerosporum,Epicoccum nigrum and Stemphylium botryosum.Most of others were soil fungi and a few were plant pathogens.A.alternata and Cladosporiurn spp.were predominant species in all areas investigated (over 60%).The pre- dominant species in Clodosporium genus varied with locations.The population of sooty mould varied at defferent development stages of wheat.In Taian,the peak of population oc- urred at milk-ripening 14 species isolated,with 8 species appearing at early milking and 11 species at ripening.The relative isolation frequency of predominant species also varied with locations and development stages of wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 煤污病 种群 分布 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]