PFU微型生物群落采样法研究有机氯污染物在水中相间分布  

PARTITIONING OF ORGANIC CHLORIDE POLLUTANTS IN DIFFERENT PHASES OF WATER IN DONGHU LAKE BY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY,PFU METHOD

作　　者：王新华[1] 陆晓华[1] 沈韫芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学环境科学研究所,武汉430074

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2005年第1期65-69,共5页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目资助 (10 42 5 0 ) ;中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目资助 (KSCX2 SW 10 2 )

摘　　要：运用PFU微型生物群落采样法在武汉东湖取样研究了六六六、滴滴涕、六氯苯等有机氯污染物在水中相间分布。将PFU(Polyurethanefoamunit)取样得到的挤出液 ,经细胞固定、超声、消解及分步萃取等不同的预处理步骤后 ,用GC ECD测定了各部分提取物中α HCH、β HCH、γ HCH、δ HCH、HCB、pp′ DDE等有机氯污染物的浓度。并用四膜虫模拟试验检验了细胞固定化、消解过程对微型生物的作用效果。结果分析表明 ,以上有机物主要以微型生物富集或颗粒物强吸附形式存在于水中 ,颗粒物弱吸附形式的份量较少 ,而以溶解态形式存在的份量则更少。由于PFU取样法可以将捕集的颗粒物控制在一定的粒径以下 ,且具有采样方法简便、经济和对有机污染物富集系数高的优点 ,因此可以作为研究水体有机污染物的简便、灵敏的采样方法。By using microbial community PFU method, partitioning of organic chloride pollutants such as α HCH、β HCH、 γ HCH、 δ HCH、HCB、pp′ DDE in different phases of water in Donghu lake in Wuhan city has been studied. Organic chloride pollutants such as α HCH、β HCH、γ HCH、δ HCH、HCB、pp′ DDE in PFU(polyurethane foam unit) extrusion were detected by GC ECD after pretreatment by sequential extraction method including cell fixing、supersonic and digest procedures. A cell fixing step was designed before solvent extraction to prevent the release of organic chloride pollutants in cells because of solvent toxicity.During cell fixing and digest procedure, the number of microorganisms was detected microscopically in a simulation experiment of Tetrahymena thermophila BF5.The result shows that cell fixing can prevent microorganisms bursting into fragment,and microorganisms will disappear thoroughly after digest.The detected results show that main part of organic chloride pollutants enriched in micro organisms or strong adsorb on aqueous particles, including life and non life detritus, minority slightly adsorb on aqueous particles, and little is in solution. As a sampling material to determine organic chloride pollutants in natural water body,PFU has the merit of high enrichment coefficient and convenience. Because the particles absorbed by PFU can be controlled below certain dimension,we suggest that PFU can be used as a sampling method for research of POPs in particles of natural water body.

关 键 词：PFU微型生物群落采样法 有机氯污染物 水体污染 生物富集 吸附 聚氨酯泡沫塑料块 环境生物监测 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]