原管藻及其出芽在系统学上的意义  

PROTOSIPHON BOTRYOIDES, A NEW RECORD IN CHINA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE OF THE PHYLOGENETIC IMPORTANCE OF ITS BUDDING

作　　者：刘国祥[1,2] 胡征宇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所 [2]淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2005年第1期81-85,共5页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目 (3 0 4993 40 ) ;国家自然科学基金 (3 0 470 14 0 )资助

摘　　要：在湖北武汉市天兴洲江滩边采到一种红色的藻类 ,经鉴定为原管藻 (Protosiphonbotryoides (Kuetzing)Klebs) ,原管藻属是单种属 ,中国新记录。通过野外观察和室内培养 ,对其形态学和繁殖方式进行了研究。其红色多核胞囊在水淹时能迅速产生大量游泳细胞 ,直接萌发成球形幼体或相互结合成星形或不规则分叶的合子。幼细胞球形 ,向两端生长 ,上部为绿色球形 ,下部是长而无色的假根 ;上部绿色球形部分可以以出芽方式形成新个体 ,新细胞和母体大小接近 ,这点和以往文献报道的稍有不同。成熟的植物体多核 ,具多个蛋白核。关于其系统学位置 ,由于出芽是一种营养性细胞分裂 ,因此此属不应归于绿球藻目 ;它又不具管藻目所特有的管藻黄素和管藻素 ,因此放在管藻目也不合适 ;单独成立原管藻目也许比较合理 ,但这需要更多的研究。A red color alga, Protosiphon botryoides was collected from the beach of an island in Yangtze River, Wuhan, China. It is a new record of China. We cultured it on BG 11 medium agar successfully. Many swimmers had escaped from red coenocysts after flooded with water, each swimmer has two equal length flagella; some of them lost their flagella and stigma soon, then became quiescent without copulation and formed new vegetative cells; other swimmer cells may function as isogametes. Zygotes are stellate form or variously lobed. The young vegetative cells are round, parietal chloroplast is reticulate with one pyrenoid. They grow bi directional, the upper is spherical with diameter up to 200μm; the lower is colorless rhizoid,length up to 1mm. Upon maturity, the sacs of Protosiphon contain many pyrenoids and are multinucleate. Bud reproduction was found from some round vegetative cells, namely a new sac without the rhizoid separated from the parent sac by septa, but, it was very different from the literature that the new sac was almost same size as the parent sac. For the systematic position,the bud reproduction is a type of vegetative cell division, so it should not belong to Chlorococcales, which lost the capability of vegetative cell division; no siphonaxanthin and siphonein were found from Protosiphon, so it is not reasonable to be in Siphonales too.Protosiphonales may be the best destination for this genus, but further investigations are required.

关 键 词：原管藻 出芽 绿球藻目 中国 新记录 形态特征 繁殖方式 系统学 

分 类 号：Q949.217[生物学—植物学]