阔鳞瘤蕨(水龙骨科)配子体形态发育的研究  

Observation on the gametophyte development of Phymatosorus hainanensis(Polypodiaceae)

作　　者：徐艳[1] 石雷[1] 刘保东[2] 刘燕[3] 李东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [2]哈尔滨师范大学生物系,哈尔滨150080 [3]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《植物研究》2005年第1期34-38,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (3 0 2 0 0 0 19);中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目 (KSCX2 -3 -0 4)资助

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜详细观察记录了阔鳞瘤蕨孢子萌发、配子体发育及幼孢子体形成的整个形态发育过程。结果表明 :成熟孢子黄色 ,极面观椭圆形 ,赤道面观肾形 ,近极单裂缝 ,表面具大小不一的球形颗粒。接种后 6～ 8d孢子萌发 ,萌发类型为书带蕨型 ,形成 3～ 7个细胞的丝状体。原叶体发育为槲蕨型 ,接种后 30d左右进入片状体阶段 ,毛状体出现在片状体形成之后 ,幼原叶体短舌状 ,成熟原叶体心脏形。精子器在接种后 60d左右开始产生 ,颈卵器在精子器发生后 1 0d左右形成 ,每个原叶体上只能形成一个受精卵。Spore germination, gametophytic development and formation of young sporophytes of Phymatosorus hainanensis (Noot.) S. G. Lu have been observed in detail by the microscope. The result exhibits that the mature spore is yellowish,monolete, reniform in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view, with vary sizes global granules on it. The spores germinated in 6～8 days after inoculated in the medium, the germination is of the Vittaria type, and the germ filament developed 3～7cells long. The gametophyte development is of the Drynaria type, prothalli formed in 30 days after inoculated in the medium, while hairs developed after the formation of the prothallial plate. The young prothalli are short tongue shaped and the adult prothalli are cordate. The antheridia formed in 60 days after inoculation, while the archegonia developed in 70 days after inoculation. Each gametophyte can develop only one zygote. Vegetative propagation was often occurred on the basal part of the prothallial plate in the inorganic medium.

关 键 词：阔鳞瘤蕨 水龙骨科 配子体 形态发育 孢子萌发 蕨类植物 

分 类 号：Q949.36[生物学—植物学]