抗除草剂转基因水稻对稻田杂草种群的影响  

Effect of Transgenic Rice with Glufosinate-Resistance on Weed Populations in Paddy Field

作　　者：余柳青[1] 渠开山[2] 周勇军[1] 李迪[1] 刘小川[1] 张朝贤[2] 彭于发[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2005年第1期68-73,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2001AA212261);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170620)

摘　　要：草铵膦作为抗除草剂转基因水稻的专用除草剂,对千金子、节节菜、陌上菜、丁香蓼、鳢肠、双穗雀稗、四叶萍和水竹叶表现出优良防效,但不能有效防治牛筋草、牛毛毡、矮慈姑、野荸荠和空心莲子草。在田间使用草铵膦可以有效防治早期出苗的无芒稗,但不能防治中后期出苗的莎草科和阔叶类杂草。与常规稻秀水11相比,转基因水稻99- 1的每穗实粒数显著高于秀水11,从而获得了更高产量。转基因水稻嘉禾201与亲本丙94 -02比较,对稻田主要杂草密度和生物量的影响差异不显著。转基因水稻99- 1和嘉禾201对无芒稗的影响因子R显著大于化感潜力品种地谷,但与非化感品种秀水11相当,表明99- 1和嘉禾201无化感竞争优势。Glufosinate, a special herbicide for the transgenic rice with glufosinate-resistance, gave excellent control effect to Leptochloa chinensis, Rotala indica, Lindernia procumbens, Ludwigia prostrata, Eclipta prostrata, Paspalum distichum, Marsilea quadrifolia and Murdannia triquetra. However, it did not control Eleusine indica, Eleocharis acicularis, Eleocharis plntagineformis, and Alternanthera philoxeroides. The barnyardgrass emergenced early was killed but the weeds of cyoeraceae and broadleaf weeds weren′t after being treated with glufosinate. The transgenic rice ‘99-1’ provided more filled rice grains per panicle. The transgenic rice Jiahe 201 didn′t affect the weed populations and their biological mass compared with the parent Bing ‘94-02’. R values as the factor on barnyardgrass were significantly higher given by the transgenic rice ‘99-1’ and Jiahe 201 than the allelopathy potential variety D-gu, and similar to the non-allelopathic rice Xiushui 11. It indicated that the transgenic rice ‘99-1’ and Jiahe 201 had not any competitive advantage of allelopathy compared with barnyardgrass.

关 键 词：转基因水稻 生物多样性 稻田杂草 杂草种群 杂草防治 抗除草剂基因 草铵膦 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]