利用γ-射线诱导小麦非整倍体  

Using γ-ray to induce aneuploid in common wheat

作　　者：董安书[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学农学系,杨陵712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》1993年第5期1-3,共3页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：利用^(60)Co-γ射线3万和3.5万剂量诱变84(3)14D缺体和陕农7859杂文的F_1,M_1,用平均每株有15个和21个以上的具小较的四分体选择染色体畸变植株,M_2低剂量诱变的单体和缺体频率较高,易位个体频率较低,而高剂量诱变的单体和缺体频率较低,易位个体频率较高。M_3不同剂量诱发的单体。缺体和双体频率增加,其它染色体变异类型植株的频率绝大部分减少。通过M_2和M_3的分离。共选出综合性状较好的单体株系33个,缺体株系17个,双体株系15个。本文还讨论了诱变后代产生单体、缺体和双体的机理、诱变对改良非整倍体不良性状的作用以及诱导非整倍体的辐射剂量。The hybrids F_1 derived from nullisomie 84 (3) 1 4D and Shaanong 7859 were induced by ^(60) Co-γ-ray. Abnormal plants of chromosome were selected according to tetrads with micronuclei having more than 15 and 21 of average each plant in generation M_1. Frequecy of monosomics and nullisomics induced from those of dosages 30000 γ were higher than those from 35000 dosages in M_2, frequecy of production translocation plants were lower, frequecy of monosomis and nullisomics from those dosages 35000 γ were lower than those from dosages 30000 γ, and frequecy of translocation plants were higher in M_2. Frequecy of monosomics, nullisomics and disomics from those of different dosages in M_3 were increased, frequency of other aberrant chromosome plants were decreased mostly. Thirty three monosomic plant stockes, 17 nullisomic plant stockes and 15 disomic plant stockes were selected through segregation in M_2 and M_3, which have better comperehensive characters. This peper also discussed the mechanism producing monosomics, nullisomics and disomics in progeny induced, the affect of worse character of induced mutation on improving aneuploids as well as the irradiation dosages in inducing aneuploid.

关 键 词：小麦 非整倍体 诱导 γ-射线 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]