番茄叶霉菌无毒基因的研究进展  

Avirulence Genes in Cladosporium fulvum

作　　者：叶青静[1] 杨悦俭[1] 王荣青[1] 阮美颖[1] 周国治[1] 姚祝平[1] 李志邈[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农科院蔬菜研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2005年第1期1-13,共13页Molecular Plant Breeding

摘　　要：无毒基因是病原物遗传因子,其编码的产物激发病原物与植物特异性相互作用。病原物无毒基因与植物抗病基因产物间直接或间接相互作用导致产生的基因对基因抗性是植物抗病性的重要形式。番茄与叶霉病之间的特异互作被认为是遵循Flor的“基因对基因”假说的典型体系。绝大多数已克隆的无毒基因之间,及其与已知蛋白之间,均无显著的序列同源性。无毒基因具有双重功能:在含互补抗性基因植物中表现无毒效应,而在不含互补抗性基因植物中显示毒性效应。本文综述了番茄叶霉菌无毒基因的多样性、意义、结构及其功能等等,了解病原菌无毒基因的结构及功能,有助于了解病原物与植物的识别机制,对认识植物的抗病性,特别是非寄主植物对病原菌的广谱抗病性也具有重要意义。Avirulence gene is genetic factor of pathogen. It encodes elicitor which triggers specific interaction of plant and pathogen. The interactions between products of the pathogen avirulence (Avr) genes and their matching plant resistance (R) genes results in gene-for-gene resistance, which is one type of important plant disease resistance. The interaction between tomato and C. fulvum is an attractive model system complied with the gene-for-gene relationship to study the molecular basis of recognition specificity in plant disease resistance (R) proteins. No significant homology is found between sequences of the most cloned Avr genes and those of known proteins or between those of themselves. Avr genes have dual functions: Pathogens containing Avr genes are avirulent to plants carrying the matching R genes, while they are virulent to plants without carrying the matching R genes. In this paper,we summarized the diversity, signification, structure, and function of Cladosporium fulvum avirulence gene.

关 键 词：无毒基因 病原物 番茄叶 叶霉菌 抗病性 植物 抗性基因 病原菌 研究进展 发病 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]