大鼠镉性肾损伤与急性肾功能衰竭的关系  

Study on Relationship Between Renal Injury Induced by Cadmium and Acute Renal Failure

作　　者：韦艳宏[1] 李龙[1] 曹玉广[1] 裴雪松[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院卫生毒理学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2005年第1期16-18,F003,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的初步探讨镉性肾损伤与急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的关系。方法将健康雄性SD成年大鼠36只随机分为6组,高、中、低剂量染镉组大鼠连续5d腹腔注射1.6、0.8、0.4mg/kgCdCl2;肾衰模型组大鼠禁水24h后,50%甘油以10ml/kg于两后肢肌肉注射,注射后自由饮水;镉+甘油组大鼠连续5d以0.8mg/kg腹腔注射CdCl2,禁水24h后,于第5天以10ml/kg两后肢肌肉注射50%甘油,注射后自由饮水;对照组大鼠连续5d腹腔注射生理盐水后以生理盐水代替甘油造模,其余处理同肾衰模型组。分别测定各组血肌酐、尿素氮(BUN)、尿β-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、肾皮质镉含量,并用光镜、电镜观察肾组织形态学变化。结果3个染镉组中,只有高剂量组血肌酐及尿素氮水平较对照组升高(P<0.05)。尿NAG动态观察发现,0.8、1.6mg/kg剂量组分别在第3、5天出现峰值(与对照组比较P<0.05)。肾组织形态学观察结果与生化指标变化基本一致。但上述指标变化均未达到肾衰模型组水平。而镉+甘油组出现较肾衰模型组更为严重的变化,主要表现在镉+甘油组大鼠尿NAG浓度在染镉后第5天(甘油染毒第1天)为肾衰组的3倍多,到镉染毒后第7天(甘油染毒后第3天),仍为近2倍(P<0.01)。同时镉+甘油组较肾衰组近曲小管细胞损伤严重。结论单独大剂量急性染镉不能导致急性肾功能衰竭(ARF),但一定剂?Objective To investigate the relationship between renal injury induced by cadmium and acute renal failure(ARF). Methods Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 6 groups such as control, high, middle and low dosage groups of exposure to cadmium of 1.6?0.8?0.4 mg/kg, model group of ARF and group of cadmium + glycerol. Serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined in serum. Urine was collected to detect the N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG). The specimens of kidney were prepared to measure the concentration of cadmium in the cortex and observe the pathological changes by microscopy and electronic microscopy. Results Compared with the control, among the three groups exposed to cadmium, SCr and BUN increased only in the high dosage group (P<0.05) . The peak values (compare with the control P<0.05) of NAG in middle and high dosage groups appeared respectively 3 and 5 days of treatment with cadmium. The pathological changes corresponded to the biochemical indices but all changes mentioned above did not attain the level of ARF. In addition, the damage in the group of cadmiun + glycerol was more serious than the model group of ARF mainly in the changes of NAG and structure. Conclusion Rats only exposed to cadmium can not induce ARF. But cadmium can aggravate the injury of kidney in ARF.

关 键 词：镉 急性肾功能衰竭 大鼠 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]