木原均,.洛夫与小麦族(禾本科)的现代遗传学属的概念(英文)  

Hitoshi Kihara, skell Lve and the modern genetic concept of the genera in the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae)

作　　者：颜济[1] 杨俊良[1] 颜旸[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所 [2]Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA

出　　处：《植物分类学报》2005年第1期82-93,共12页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

摘　　要：分类学是认识生物体的一种工具,对生物体间系统关系的理解,种质资源利用的指南,也是一种交流用的普通语言。因此,分类处理需要反映这些关系的近期认识。在自然界,生物体只有两个绝对的单位:个体与种。一个种是一群个体被不可缺少的生殖关系相互联系成为的一个绝对单位。生殖隔离是种与种间的基本界限,同时也是生物演化过程中形成独立基因库(gene pools)的惟一因素。既然在种以上的分类群没有绝对界线,在种以上的任一分类处理都不可能避免人为性。虽然如此,仍然必须作出某些分类适应它们的描述、利用与(或)研究。这篇文章对小麦族分类群间生物系统关系的划分是基于遗传学的研究。我们分类处理的原则是:(1)反映这些种系统演化现今的理解;(2)便于种质资源的利用;(3)避免与传统处理有不必要的剧烈改变。Taxonomy is a tool for organism recognition, an understanding of phylogenetic relationships among organisms, a guide for germplasm utilization, and a common language for communication. Therefore, a taxonomic treatment needs to reflect our current understanding of such relationships. In nature, there are only two absolute units of living organisms: individuals and species. A species is a group of individuals who are connected to each other as a unit by their indispensable relationships of breeding. Reproductive separation is an essential boundary between species, and the only factor to form independent gene pools during organismal evolution. Since there is no absolute boundary among taxa above species, any taxonomic treatments above species cannot avoid arbitrariness. Nevertheless, some classification should be made for the convenience of their description, utility and/or study. This paper classifies the biosystematic relationships among taxa in Triticeae on the basis of genetic studies. The principles for our taxonomic treatment are: (1) reflecting the current understanding of the phylogeny among the species involved, (2) being convenient for germplasm utilization, and (3) avoiding unnecessary radical change apart from the tradition.

关 键 词：禾本科 小麦族 现代遗传学 分类 生殖隔离 独立基因库 种质资源 生物系统学 染色体组 系统演化 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]