春、秋季东、黄海营养盐的分布变化特征及营养结构  

Distribution features of nutrients and nutrient structure in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in spring and autumn

作　　者：高生泉[1] 林以安[1] 金明明[1] 高大伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室国家海洋局第二海洋研究所区域海洋学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]杭州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《东海海洋》2004年第4期38-50,共13页Donghai Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项资助项目(G1999043704);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(M403020)

摘　　要：利用2000年10～11月和2001年3～4月的调查资料,分析讨论了春、秋季东、黄海营养盐的分布变化特征及营养结构状况。结果表明:该海域表层营养盐高值主要出现在长江冲淡水影响区和江浙近海海域,低值出现于东海陆架区和黄海西北部,黄海中部水域春、秋季因温跃层强弱不同表层营养盐含量差别较大。东、黄海海域春、秋季表层水N/P、Si/N和Si/P值(除秋季黄海北部局部水域N/P值小于10外)均远高于Redfield比值。春季东海海域N/P、Si/N和Si/P值明显高于黄海海域,并高于秋季;秋季黄海海域N/P、Si/N和Si/P值要高于东海海域,变化也大于春季。在强温跃层存在期间和浮游生物旺发季节,表层水域N/P、Si/N和Si/P值原本高的区域往往进一步升高,而温跃层较弱或浮游植物生长繁殖能力较弱的季节,表层水域N/P、Si/N和Si/P值将略有降低。东、黄海水域浮游植物光合作用受N限制的可能性极小,绝大部分水域主要是受P限制,Si的含量普遍较高,它不可能成为限制因子。长江冲淡水区和江浙近海海域过量的N及高N/P值特性且持续升高的趋势可能是近20年来这一地区富营养化程度加剧、赤潮频发的主要原因。The distribution features of nutrients and nutrient structure in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea were discussed based on the data collected in October to November 2000 and in April 2001. The results showed that the high concentrations of nutrients in the surface water appeared mainly in the Changjiang diluted water area and the coastal water area off Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the low values were presented in the continental shelf zone of the East China Sea and the northwest part of the Yellow Sea. The contents of nutrients in the middle area of the Yellow Sea varied significantly from spring to autumn due to strong and stabilizing thermocline in autumn and no obvious stratification in spring. The ratios of N/P, Si/N and Si/P in the surface water were much higher than Redfield ratios in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea except for the northwest part of the Yellow Sea. The surface nutrient ratios in spring were higher in the East China Sea than those in the Yellow Sea, whereas the nutrient ratios in autumn were higher in the Yellow Sea than those in the East China Sea and the variation of nutrient ratios were also greater than those in spring. The surface nutrient ratios increased notably during phytoplankton bloom and the stratified period. Moreover, the surface nutrient ratios decreased evidently when the stratification lessened or eliminated and phytoplankton productivity weakened. Our investigation suggested that there was little possibility of N limitation for the photosynthesis of phytoplankton in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, but there mainly was P-limitation in most part of the studied area. The content of SiO_3-Si was generally high and it was not possible to be a limiting-factor for phytoplankton growth in the studied area. The excessive DIN and extra high N/P ratio in the Changjiang diluted water area and the coastal water area off Jiangsu and Zhejiang may be responsible for the enhancement of coastal eutrophication and the high occurrence frequency of red tide in that area over the l

关 键 词：营养盐 分布特征 营养结构 东海 黄海 

分 类 号：P734.2[天文地球—海洋化学]