原油减压渣油馏分的油水界面性质 Ⅶ .大庆减渣馏分的L- B性质  

OIL-WATER INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF VACUUM RESIDUE FRACTIONS FROM CRUDE OIL Ⅶ. L-B Properties of Vacuum Residue Fractions from Daqing Crude Oil

作　　者：彭勃[1] 李明远[1] 赵锁奇[1] 吴肇亮[1] Harald Hoiland 

机构地区：[1]石油大学重质油国家重点实验室,北京102200 [2]挪威大学

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2004年第6期79-84,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点研究发展规划项目(973 G1999022505);石油大学总校基金(ZX9904);重质油国家重点实验室开放基金资助

摘　　要：采用Langmuir Blodgett(L B)技术研究了大庆减渣馏分的L B性质(π A曲线,膜稳定曲线),以及减渣馏分在扩散相中的体相质量浓度和芳烃含量、水相的pH值和盐对减渣馏分的L B性质的影响。结果表明,由于大庆减渣馏分中的蜡含量高,其在水相表面成膜压缩性较好,各馏分的π A曲线形状相似。馏分体相质量浓度增大,馏分以缔合体形式成膜,缔合体结构越大,π A曲线左移越大。扩展溶剂中芳烃含量的变化对馏分中胶质、沥青质及蜡的分散状态影响不同。随着扩展溶剂中芳烃含量的增大,轻馏分中蜡质的成分多,对应π A曲线左移;重馏分以沥青质为主,对应π A曲线右移。馏分可吸附水相中的同性离子而相互排斥,同时,水相中碱或Ca2+离子也可与馏分中的酸性基团反应,使馏分充分铺展吸附于水相表面或馏分间相互联结,以至馏分分子所占水相表面积增大,对应的π A曲线右移。膜稳定性曲线先下降然后趋于稳定,反映出大庆减渣馏分膜结构中存在不稳定结构。The Langmuir-Blodgett (L-B) properties (the π–A curve, the film stability curve) of Daqing residue fractions were studied by using Langmuir-Blodgett technology. The effects of bulk mass concentration and aromatic content in diffusion phase, the pH value and the salt in aqueous phase on L-B properties of vacuum residue fractions from Daqing crude oil were also investigated. Due to the higher contents of wax in Daqing residue fractions, films of better compressive properties were formed on the surface of the aqueous phase, and the π–A curves of the fractions appeared in similar patterns. When the bulk mass fraction of the residue fractions in extension solvent (V(Toluene)∶V(Heptane)= 1∶1 ) increased, the film was built up in an association state. With the growth of the association structures, the π–A curve shifted leftward. The aromatic content of the extension solvent affected the dispersion status of resin, asphaltene or wax differently. The π–A curves of light fractions shifted leftward with the increase of the aromatic content in extension solvent showing wax properties, while the π–A curve of the heavy fractions shifted rightward showing asphaltene properties. The molecules of fractions can adsorb ions of the same kind of electric charge in the aqueous phase leading to molecule expulsion, at the same time, the reaction of the basic or Ca^2+ ions with the acidic functional groups in the fractions made the molecules spreading fully over the surface of the aqueous phase or an interconnection of the molecules of the fractions to occupy a larger surface area of the aqueous phase, then the corresponding π–A curve shifted rightward. The film stability curve decreased first and then went stabilized,reflecting the instability of film structure in Daqing vacuum residue fractions.

关 键 词：L-B性质 膜压 减渣馏分 自身缔合 蜡 

分 类 号：Q648[生物学—生物物理学] Q656