强光和短期高浓度CO_2对玉米和大豆光能转化效率的影响  

Effects of Strong Irradiance and Shortly Elevated CO_2 Concentrations on Photosynthetic Efficiencies in Maize and Soybean Leaves

作　　者：陶宗娅[1] 邹琦[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学生命科学学院,成都610068 [2]山东农业大学植物科学系,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2005年第2期244-249,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

摘　　要：盆栽和人工光源条件下,玉米叶片在普通空气中对强光照射不敏感,在高浓度CO2中强光照射0～5h后,光合速率 Pn 逐渐降低,无机磷 Pi 限制是其主要原因之一;大豆叶片在普通空气中受强光照射5h后,Fv/Fm、Pn、羧化效率 CE 和表观量子效率 AQY 明显降低,Fo升高,在高浓度CO2和强光下大豆Fo上升、Fv/Fm和气体交换参数下降的幅度减小.研究表明,高浓度CO2可减轻强光对植物尤其是C3植物光合功能的损伤,有限地缓解光抑制,但不能完全消除强光导致的大豆Pn和气孔导度 Gs 的降低.Effects of strong irradiance and shortly elevated CO_2 on photosynthesis in C_3 plant soybean (Glycine max L.) and C_4 plant maize (Zea mays L.) were studied. Photosynthetic efficiency and energy transfer efficiency changed little in maize leaves illuminated with 2 000~2 100 μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) PFD for 0~5 h when leaf-chambers were ventilated with ambient air (CO_2 350~355 μL/L), but Pn in maize leaves decreased gradually under elevated CO_2 concentrations (700 μL/L). Pi circulation might be the main limiting factor under such circumstances. In soybean leaves illuminated with 1 850~1 900 μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) PFD for 5 h under ambient air,apparently Fo increased , Fv/Fm, carboxylation efficiency (CE) and apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) significantly decreased, but if the leaf-chambers were ventilated with elevated CO_2, there were just a little increment in Fo and decline in Fv/Fm, CE and AQY, which implied that elevated CO_2 could not completely eliminate photoinhibition and prevent the decline of Pn and Gs in soybean leaves which were subjected to strong irradiation.

关 键 词：玉米 大豆 CO2倍增 叶绿素荧光 光合作用 光抑制 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]