SARS流行中后期高危医务人群的态度及其与心理健康、防御方式的关系  

Relationship between attitudes towards SARS and mental health and defense styles in high-risk medical staff during post climax of SARS

作　　者：张倩[1] 黄秀琴[2] 杨小柳[2] 何晓冰[2] 于淑英[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [2]北京军区总医院门诊部,北京100700

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》2005年第3期268-271,共4页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

基　　金：全军医学科学技术研究"十五"计划基金重点课题项目(01Z005)

摘　　要：目的:通过调查不同社会人群对传染性非典型肺 炎(SARS)传染病的态度,并与其人格特征、防御机制等社会 心理特征进行比较,探讨突发公共卫生危机事件下SARS高 危医务人群(简称高危组)的社会心理特点及其影响因素. 方法:采用自行设计的SARS态度问卷、16种人格因素问卷 及防御方式问卷,对291名不同社会人群进行调查.结果:① 对SARS知识了解程度上,高危组更倾向于选择“很了解”和 “了解一些”;对SARS风险性认知上,高危组更倾向于选择 “不害怕”;对SARS的一般信念上,高危组更倾向于选择乐观 的态度.②回归分析表明,高危组对SARS预防知识“很了 解”并持乐观态度者与心理健康水平呈正相关.③高危组对 SARS持乐观态度者与较少使用“不成熟防御机制”、较多利 用“成熟防御机制”呈正相关.结论:SARS中后期高危医务人 群对SARS的态度有别于其他社会群体,表现得?AIM: To investigate different social groups' attitudes towards SARS, to compare their mental health and the defense styles and to analyze the social and psychological characters and impact factors in SARS high-risk medical staff (High-Risk Group) during the epidemic outbreak of SARS. METHODS: A self-designed questionnaire of attitudes towards SARS, 16-PF (16 Personality Factors) and DSQ (Defense Style Questionnaire) were used to assess the psychological differences between High-Risk Group and other groups. RESULTS: ① For the knowledge of SARS , High-Risk Group tended to select the item 'quite familiar' and 'familiar', for the risk perception of SARS, the High-Risk Group tended to select 'not fear', and for the prospect to control SARS, the High-Risk Group responded with a more positive and optimistic attitude. ② Multiple regression analysis showed that those in High-Risk Group who selected 'quite familiar' and responded with optimistic attitudes were positively correlated with the level of mental health. ③ More use of mature defense mechanisms and less use of immature defense mechanisms were found to be positively correlated with those in High-Risk Group who responded with optimistic attitudes. CONCLUSION: The attitudes towards SARS in High-Risk Group, which were distinct from those of other groups, are more positive and appropriate than those in other groups during post climax stage of SARS outbreak. Their attitudes are probably related to their positive beliefs in conquering SARS.

关 键 词：传染性非典型肺炎 高危人群 医务人员 态度 精神卫生 防御机制 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]