地方性氟中毒病区与非病区儿童氟斑牙表现及意义  

Clinical manifestation and significance of dental fluorosis of children in endemic fluorosis areas and non-diseased areas

作　　者：黄长青[1] 王成海[2] 张秀丽[1] 吴升军[3] 卢振明[1] 梁宝成[4] 房连营[1] 马长斗[2] 许宏伟[1] 张小东[2] 唐红艳[1] 张丽虹[1] 刘忠杰[1] 白淑芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省地方病第一防治研究所地氟病研究室,白城137000 [2]吉林省乾安县疾病预防控制中心地方病防治科 [3]吉林省农安县疾病预防控制中心地方病防治科 [4]吉林省通榆县疾病预防控制中心地方病防治科

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2005年第1期64-66,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解地方性氟中毒病区和非病区儿童氟斑牙表现、特点及区别,为地方性氟中毒临床诊断提供参考。方法以分层抽样的方法,随机抽取轻、中、重地方性氟中毒病区12个屯,非病区8个屯。对4063名8～12岁儿童做氟斑牙检查,按Dean法进行诊断、分度,计算和比较不同地区儿童氟斑牙总的检出率和各度检出率;测定受检者饮水氟和尿氟排泄量。对重点对象进行随访。结果高氟区儿童氟斑牙检出率55.7%,低氟区为16.5%,高氟区检出率明显高于低氟区(P<0.005)。在高氟区儿童各度氟斑牙检出率均较高,而低氟区氟斑牙以极轻度为主。中、重度氟斑牙仅见于长期居住在高氟区者。结论氟斑牙并非仅为高氟摄入所致,它与氟化物广泛联系着,较低水平的氟化物即可造成氟斑牙。中、重度氟斑牙是氟中毒的结果,这两种程度的改变对氟中毒的临床诊断有重要意义。Objective To understand clinical manifestation, characteristic and difference of dental fluorosis of children in endemic fluorosis areas and non-diseased areas, and to provide index for diagnosing endemic fluorosis. Methods Twelve villages from mild to moderate and severe endemic fluorosis areas and 8 villages from non-diseased areas was sampled in stratified randomization and the dental fluorosis of children aging 8～12 years were examined with Dean's index in 4 063 individual. The fluoride levels in drinking water and urine of the children were determined with F-ion selective electrode method. Key subjects were followed up. Results Incidence of dental fluorosis was 55.7% in the diseased areas and 16.5% in the non-diseased areas with a significant difference(P<0.005). Dental fluorosis of moderate and serious degree occurred only in higher level fluoride areas, while that of extremely light degree in the non-diseased areas. Conclusions Dental fluorosis is not only resulted from absorbing excessive fluorides, since dental fluorosis is also found in lower level fluorides areas. Moderate and serious degree dental fluorosis are the results of fluoride poisoning, and their manifestation are significant for clinical diagnosis of endemic fluorosis.

关 键 词：地方病 氟中毒 氟化物 诊断 氟斑牙 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]