大连夏季凉亭下热环境特征与人体热反应研究  

Study of Thermal Environment Character and Thermal Comfort in Summer Outdoor in Dalian

作　　者：端木琳[1] 于连广[2] 舒海文[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学土木水利学院 [2]鞍山科技大学土木与交通工程学院

出　　处：《建筑热能通风空调》2004年第6期8-12,44,共6页Building Energy & Environment

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(项目编号:20022143)

摘　　要：稳态的空调环境由于削弱了人体的热适应能力从而影响了人的身体健康,同时单调的稳态环境使人产生了乏味、厌倦的心理.动态送风强调人的热适应能力,认为合理的动态环境不仅可以满足人体的热舒适需要,更能满足人体健康要求,仿自然的送风方式才是最佳的动态送风方式.本文对大连夏季室外凉亭下的环境特征和人的热舒适性做了主观问卷调查研究,通过对428个有效样本的研究与分析,回归得到了人体热舒适投票值TCV与人体平均温度和周围空气温度之间的关系式,在满足该式的条件下,人体平均温度在35.7～36.5℃之间,空气温度在25.5～30.4℃之间变化,且空气相对湿度保持在40%～60%,风速在0～1.5 m/s之间波动,人体都可以达到热舒适状态,并发现人们在室外自然环境下往往感觉吹风不足,这点正好与传统空调中人们易产生吹风感的抱怨相反,从而为适当提高送风速度与温度,节约空调能耗奠定了基础.Stable thermal-neutral air conditioning environment actually does harm to people's health by weakening their thermal environment adaptability, and also the dull and stable environment makes people feel vapid and tired. Dynamic air delivery patterns emphasize on people's thermal adaptability, and proper dynamic environment can satisfy not only human thermal comfort, but also human health. Quasi-natural air delivery pattern may be the most favorable dynamic pattern. So a subjective questionnaire research on the human thermal comfort and environment characteristics was conducted under an outdoor pergola in summer of Dalian city. A relation expression on Thermal Comfort Votes (TCV) and mean human body temperature and air temperature was regressed after the analysis of 428 valid samples, and it was founded that people can reach their thermal comfort with their mean body temperatures between 35.7～36.5℃, air temperatures between 25.5～30.4℃, relative humidity between 40%~60% and air velocities between 0~1.5m/s on the premise of above parameters satisfying the thermal comfort expression obtained in the research. What's more, the research also found that people always complain of not high enough air velocities in natural outdoor conditions, just contrary to the complaint on the air draft in traditional air-conditioning environment. So it lays a foundation for the energy conservation by raising both temperature and velocity of the delivered air simultaneously and properly.

关 键 词：热舒适性 送风方式 室外 热环境 空调能耗 人体热舒适 热反应 能力 关系式 特征 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TU834