德国:接近自然的林业—技术政策和技术路线  

Nature-approximating Forestry——Technical Policy and Line

作　　者：邵青还[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院情报所,北京100091

出　　处：《世界林业研究》1993年第3期63-72,共10页World Forestry Research

基　　金：中国林科院院基金"德国林业经营思想和理论发展2000年"

摘　　要：德国的林业开始全面向“接近自然的林业”转轨。本文介绍新林业的技术指标—森林群落生境覆盖率和群落生境值及评估方法,以及森林群落生境图的绘制和应用。The forestry in Germany is tending to become 'Nature-approximatingForestry'. In this paper Baden--Wurtteurberg is cited as an example to illustrate the newtechnical policy and line in German forestry. The new forest policy is to set first priority onnature preservation among all goals by force of law, indicating that forestry is tending to be-come nature preservation. The task of prime importance in forestry is to make an investiga-tion, evaluation and mapping of the forest biotopes. This is also the main technical line.Two new targets are set for the new forestry: the coverage of forest biotopes and the valueof forest biotopes. According to the demand for species protection based on the theory of pro-tection of forest biotopes, the theoretical index of the coverage of forest biotopes should be10% of the forest areas. The highly valuable biotopes investigated and controlled by Baden--Wurtteurberg state have reached 50, 000, but their coverage is only 7%. The mode ofmanagement over plantations is just one of the causes for the forest biotopes to be stressed.

关 键 词：森林群落 森林生境 林业 政策 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]