生物可降解型阳离子酯类表面活性剂的研究  

Study of biodegradable ester-type cationic surfactants

作　　者：杨建洲[1] 林里[1] 付志刚[1] 马托[1] 王坤鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712081

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2005年第1期9-11,48,共4页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：陕西科技大学自然科学基金资助项目(ZX04-08)

摘　　要：以自制的失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵(GTMAC)和硬脂酸为原料,经一步反应合成阳离子单酯表面活性剂(CMESA)。研究了反应介质、反应温度和反应时间对生成物CMESA收率的影响,通过元素分析、官能团分析和红外光谱确证其化学结构,较佳反应条件为:n(GTMAC)∶n(硬脂酸)=1∶1,异丙醇为溶剂,85℃,反应16h,CMESA收率86 8%。接着采用电导法测临界胶团浓度(cmc),拉环法测表面张力(γ),得到20℃下CMESAcmc为0 035mmol/L,在cmc时的γ=44 95mN·m-1。最后研究了在静态时厌氧污泥对CMESA的作用,结果表明:厌氧污泥对CMESA适应性强,其产甲烷气的量不受影响,IC50可能超过1 0g/L。Cationic mono-ester surfactants(CMESA)was prepared using glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(GTMAC)and stearic acid as starting materials with a single step reaction.The effects of reaction medium,reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of the product CMESA were studied.The chemical structure of the product was identified by elemental analysis,functional group analysis and IR spectrum.The optimal conditions for the synthesis are,reaction time,16 h,reaction temperature,85 ℃,molar ratio of GTMAC to stearic acid,1∶1,reaction medium,isoproanol,product yield,86.8 %.The critical micelle concentration(cmc)was measured by electrical conductance method as 0.035 mmol/L,and surface tension(γ)at the cmc was measure by ring detachment method as 44.95 mN/m(at 20 ℃).The action of anaerobic sludge to CMESA at static state was studied and the result shows that the anaerobic sludge can be applicable for biodegradation of CMESA while the deliberation of methane is not influenced.IC_(50) may higher than 1.0 g/L.

关 键 词：阳离子表面活性剂 硬脂酸甘油单酯基三甲基氯化铵 失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵 生物降解 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]