人在虚拟载人航天器虚拟乘员舱内环境中作业特性的仿真研究  

Study on Human Features in Virtual Module Environment of Manned Spacecraft

作　　者：周前祥[1] 王春慧[1] 曲战胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]航天医学工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《系统仿真学报》2005年第1期69-71,共3页Journal of System Simulation

基　　金：总装备部试验技术项目课题的支助(01103209)

摘　　要：利用自行开发与集成的虚拟现实实验系统,通过在简化的虚拟乘员舱内设定判断物体大小和移动物体等常规的任务,记录其操作时间,并与真实环境中相同的任务进行了对比来开展人在虚拟环境中作业特性的仿真实验研究,同时设计主观问卷表调查被试对虚拟效果的真实感。结果表明,被试戴头盔显示器、利用数据手套完成挑选虚拟乘员舱内标准柜抽屉中的小球,并放置在一台体上任务的作业时间服从均值36.72s、方差13.798正态分布。70.2％的被试调查时认为头盔显示器的立体效果明显,可以产生一种沉浸感。所以,开展虚拟现实应用研究时,应使系统硬件能够尽可能地模拟真实任务背景,关键是头盔显示器和数据手套的交互性满足需要,其次对真实世界的模型优化应有一个量级,这样,人在其中的判断及反应操作与真实世界就可以类比,从而可保证应用结果有效性。By virtual reality experimental system, a virtual module environment of manned spacecraft has been constructed. In this environment, the main mission of subjects are choosing a middle gray sphere in cabinet, moving it onto the face of the front table and being questioned the fidelity of virtual module by a pre-designed questionnaire after finishing the experiment. Normal distribution of performing time was shown when a virtual sphere in a drawer of standard cabinet of virtual module was put onto a front table by subjects wearing HMD and data glove, its mean value being 36.72 s and variance being 13.798 s. By VRQ analysis, about 70.2% of the subjects thought that HMD has a good stereo quality and they can be immersed in the virtual module. When virtual reality is applied in ergonomic evaluation or virtual training, the HMD and data glove of the system would satisfy the requirement of human-computer interaction. In addition, the simplified virtual model should be constrained to some degree, so that human performance can be analogized and corresponding truth of experimental result can be achieved.

关 键 词：虚拟现实 操作判断 完全随机实验 作业时间 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]