湖南韶山森林复合冠层沉降化学  

Precipitation chemistry in the multiple canopies of Shaoshan forest in Hunan Province.

作　　者：蒋益民[1] 曾光明[1] 张龚[1] 刘鸿亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程系,长沙410082 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2005年第2期113-117,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (70 1710 5 5和 5 0 1790 11); 2 0 0 0年度高等学校优秀青年教师科研奖励计划资助项目。

摘　　要：在韶山森林设立了 1 0个 30m× 30m的样方 ,研究了 1年中各个季节的二维结构冠层在酸雨作用下各离子的净沉降及森林地表接收的总酸沉降的变化。结果表明 ,来源于树冠层叶中营养离子的洗脱与大气中含钙颗粒物质的Ca2 + 的净沉降在乔木冠层和灌木亚冠层都为正 ,Mg2 + 除了在生长季节外 ,其冠层仍有较明显的滤出现象 ,K+ 在乔木冠层树冠的大量的滤出与灌木亚冠层的摄入形成明显对比。SO42 -,NO3 -,Cl-在秋冬两季树冠层均有较强的洗脱现象 ,而海洋输送则成为Cl-的另外一个重要来源。总酸沉降结果表明 ,盐基离子中Ca2 + 在春夏两季沉降量最大 ,Mg2 + 的沉降则以秋冬两季的量最高 ,K+ 的最大沉降量出现在秋季。A total ten 30?m×30?m researching plots in Shaoshan forest was used for this study.The net-precipitation and the total deposition of the ions in the multiple canopies in the one whole year were recorded.The net-precipitation of Ca 2+ from canopy leaching and the containing Ca 2+ substances in the atmosphere were positive in canopy and sub-canopy.Except the vegetation developing and growing season,the obvious leaching of Mg 2+ from the canopies was observed.Significant differences of K++ was observed between the heavy leaching from the canopy and the absorption by the sub-canopy.The leaching of SO_4 2-,NO_3-,Cl- also existed in the two layer of canopies.The transportation of seawater was the other important Cl- source.The results of total deposition showed that the amount of Ca 2+ in spring and summer reached the higheast in the observed year.For Mg 2+,it was the highest in autumn and winter,and for K+,it was the highest in autumn.

关 键 词：酸沉降 化学成分 空间特征 韶山森林 

分 类 号：S716[农业科学—林学]