脱氮硫杆菌的生态特性及其应用  

Ecological Characters and Application of Thiobacillus Denitrificans

作　　者：张忠智[1] 鲁莽[1] 魏小芳[1] 马道祥[2] 白长琦[2] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学化工学院环境中心,北京102249 [2]中石化河南油田分公司采油二厂,河南南阳473400

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2005年第2期52-54,共3页Chemistry & Bioengineering

摘　　要：介绍了脱氮硫杆菌的生态特性与适宜的生长条件。说明了脱氮硫杆菌在地球元素循环中的地位与作用。向浅层油藏中添加硝酸盐和磷酸盐,能够刺激其中的脱氮硫杆菌大量增殖,抑制 H2 S的生成,消除 FeS造成的堵塞,减轻管材的腐蚀。以硫磺为电子供体,石灰石作碳源和平衡碱度,脱氮硫杆菌接种的反应器用来脱除饮用水和地下水中的硝酸盐,可获得98%以上的脱除率,但易引起SO2-4 和硬度超标,若将其与其它反硝化方法集成使用则可克服这一缺陷。用脱氮硫杆菌在碱性条件下脱除天然气中的H2S亦能获得良好的效果。This paper presented a review on the ecological characters and suitable growth conditions of T.denitrificans. It narrated T.denitrificans's status and function in the earthly elementary cycle. When nitrate and phosphate were added to low reservoir, T.denitrificans would be activated and propagate in quantity, so it could reduce the produce of H_2S and restrain corrosion. Bioreactor in which sulphur was electronic donor and limestone was carbon source was used to remove nitrate from groundwater, the result showed nitrate removal efficiency reached over 98 percent, but it could increase concentration of SO^(2-)_(4) and rigidity. Sulfur autotrophic and other denitrification integrated process could overcome the imperfection. T.denitrificans could be used to remove H_2S from natural gas in alkaline circumstance and the efficiency was well.

关 键 词：脱氮硫杆菌 硫酸盐还原菌 自养反硝化 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]