大豆抗孢囊线虫(Heterodera glycines Ichinohe)新种质材料的选育  

BREEDING OF SOYBEAN NEW GERMPLASM RESOURCES RESISTANT TO SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE(HETERODERA GLYCINES ICHINOHE)

作　　者：吴和礼 姚振纯[1] 李秀兰[1] 马书君[1] 罗教芬[1] 刘汉起 商绍刚 霍虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大豆所 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院植保所

出　　处：《大豆科学》1989年第3期227-232,共6页Soybean Science

摘　　要：目前国内外从大豆种质资源中筛选出的抗源几乎全是小黑豆类型。小黑豆抗源的黑种皮、小粒、晚熟等性状与栽培大豆相差甚远,直接用小黑豆抗源选育出黄色种皮,农艺性状优良的抗病品种难度较大。本文报导了作者通过有性杂交打破哈尔滨小黑豆抗病性与黑色种皮的连锁选育出黄色种皮新抗源的方法和经过。新抗源的抗病程度达到了小黑豆抗源水平,并具有黄种皮、生育日数短、百粒重增大及株型直立等优异性状。新抗源已应用于抗病育种,现已分离出抗病,农艺性状优良的F_3、F_4单株和品系材料。19 resistant resources of small black soybean were screened from 1441 soybean germplasms from 1976 to 1984. Some characters of resistant resources of small black soybean, such as black seed coat, small seed, late maturity and so on were quite different from those of soybean cultivars, so it is very difficult to develop varieties of disease resistance with the resistant resources of small black soybean directly. Therefore, firstly new resistant resources should be developed, namely, the gene of disease resistance in small black soybean should be transferred to soybean with yellow seed coat, then the new source of resistance was used for developing varieties of disease resistance. We began to cross in 1978, two combinations were as follows: Harbin Xiao-hedou ×Heinong 10, Harbin Xiaohedou × Fengshou 10. We screened disease-resistant plants from F2 plants under pot culture in the soil infected by soybean cyst nematodes; disease resistanoe of F3, F4 plants were identified; disease-resistant strains were selected; single plant of yellow seed coat were selected from F5 F6 stable strains of disease resistance in field according to development in field and seed characters, 15 disease-resistant strains were selected in 1984.According to development in infected areas, 3 new resources of resistance: 84-783 84-793, 84-819 were selected in 1985. The advantages of new sources of resistance compared with resource of resistance of small black soybean are as follows: degreed of resistance to SCN as high as Harbin Xiaohedou yellow seed coat, short growing period, large seed and so on. New sources of resistance has already been applied in the breeding of disease resistance, so far, some F3, F4 plants and strains with resistant and good agronomic characters had segregated out.

关 键 词：大豆 孢囊线虫 抗病 育种 抗源 

分 类 号：S565.103.4[农业科学—作物学]