中国文明形成的考古学研究  

Archaeological Research on Chinese Civilization Formation

作　　者：徐苹芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100710

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2005年第1期15-21,共7页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：根据中国现代考古学发展的成果, 可以将中国文明起源和形成的研究大致划分为前后两个阶段。从上个世纪 20年代中国现代考古学诞生到 80年代中期, 是中国文明形成研究的准备阶段。1985年 7月正式出版的夏鼐先生所著《中国文明的起源》一书, 提出中国文明起源的问题应该由考古学研究来解决, 使中国文明形成研究进入新阶段。目前中国文明起源的研究对文明和文化概念的认识, 已基本取得共识, 在关于中国文明起源和形成这个问题上研究的目标和方向取得一致, 在史前城址、早期宫殿和坛庙遗址、贫富分化以及象征政治权力的礼器等方面的研究, 都取得了非常重要的学术成果。今后应该加大文明形成过程的研究, 在田野考古工作中要注意改进早期城市田野考古的方法, 对早期宗庙遗址的发掘要慎重, 要充分注意到考古学的局限性, 避免发生常识性概念不清和逻辑推理混乱的错误。同时由于当前我国人文社会科学的学风浮躁, 在考古学界也有急功近利、不务实际等表现, 都危害着考古学科的发展与建设。According to the outgrowth of Chinese modern archaeology development, the origin and formation of Chinese civilization can be proximately divided into two stages: the early and the late. From 20’s of last century, when Chinese modern archaeology was born, to the middle of 80’s, that is the preparing stage of research for the formation of Chinese civilization. The Origin of Chinese Civilization, which was written by Xianai and published in July 1985, asserts that the question of the origin of Chinese civilization should be resolved by archaeological research, and which led the research into a new stage. At present, agreement has been reached at the aspects of the conception of civilization and culture. Consistency has been realized in the research objective and the direction of how Chinese civilization formed and originated. And great academic results has been achieved in the study of pre-historical cities, early palaces and temples, popularization between the rich and poor, and the ritual articles used to present for the power of politics. From now on, we should enhance the study of the course of civilization formation and pay attention to improve the methods of early city fieldwork. The excavation of early temple relics needs special discretion. And we should take the limitation of archaeology into account and avoid mistakes caused by ambiguousness of conception and confusing logical reasoning. At the same time, there are some inclinations of flippancy in our humanities and social sciences and the presence of eagerness for quick success and instant benefit. Both will do harm to the development of construction of archaeology.

关 键 词：中国文明形成 考古学研究 学科史 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]