栽培大豆(Glycine max)与野生大豆(Glycine soja)、半野生大豆(Glycine gracilis)杂交的杂种F_1代减数分裂行为的研究  

STUDY OF MEIOSIS BEHAVIOR OF F_1 HYBRIDS OF CULTIVATED SOYBEAN (G. MAX) CROSSING WITH WILD (G. SOJA) AND SEME-WILD SOYBEAN (G. GRACJLIS)

作　　者：徐香玲[1] 李集临[1] 陈海燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生物系 [2]佳木斯师范专科学校生物科

出　　处：《大豆科学》1989年第3期223-244,共22页Soybean Science

摘　　要：本文研究了栽培大豆绥农4号等5个品种和1个品系分别与野生大豆、半野生大豆杂交,杂种F_1代花粉母细胞减数分裂的行为。以染色体组亲和指标,终变期二价体的交叉频率,鉴定杂交亲本的亲缘关系。 观察结果表明,杂交亲本和大部分杂种F_1代花粉母细胞减数分裂行为是正常的,减数分裂中期Ⅰ为20个二价体。11个亲本中期Ⅰ环状二价体占多数,少数为棒状二价体。有少数花粉母细胞出现二价体联会消失现象,中期Ⅰ没有单价体,后期Ⅰ和减数分裂Ⅱ均正常,四分孢子中无微核出现。杂交亲本中期Ⅰ环状二价体和棒状二价体的数目有差异,说明不同亲本的亲和力不同。 13个杂交组合F_1代的减数分裂行为有差异,染色体配对不稳定,二价体表现过早分离。如杂交组合中期Ⅰ二价体数在18—20之间,联会消失二价体数目较少。二价体数在5—20个之间,联会消失的二价体数目最多为15个。后期Ⅰ出现少数落后染色体,四分孢子内有少数微核。Study on chromosome behavior of meiosis of PMC in cultivated soybeans crossing with wild and semi-wild soybean was undertaken. The genome affinity index (GAI) and the chiasma frequency at diakinesis, can be taken as index for illistraing the relationship between allied species where they were used as crossing parents.The results observed have shown that there is normal meiosis behavior at metaphase I in all parents and most F1 hybrids, the chromosome configuration is 20 bivalents (ring and rod).Most of the configurations are ring bivalent and few of them are rod bivalent in eleyen parents in a few PMC. The bivalents often have desynapsis. There is no univalent at metaphase I, the meiosis behavior is normal at anaphase I and second meiosis. The micronuclei in tetrads has not been observed. Number of bivalent of ring and rod is different at metaphase I in different cross parent and the affinity for crossing between different parents is different.The difference of meiosis behavior among thirteen crossing combination were observed. The chromosome pairing was not stable, where number of bivalent range from 18 to 20. A few bivalent hat desynapsis, but number of bivalent is 5-20, the highest number of bivalent of desynapsis is 15. A lagging chromosome at anaphase and afew micronuclei in tetradspore were observed.

关 键 词：大豆 杂交种 减数分裂行为 染色体 

分 类 号：S565.103.2[农业科学—作物学]