土地利用变化对洪水调蓄能力的影响——以洞庭湖区为例  

The Impact of the Land Use Change on the Floodwater Adjustment and Storage——A Case Study on the Dongting Lake Area

作　　者：李仁东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,武汉430077

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2004年第6期90-95,i011-i012,共8页Progress in Geography

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-SW-415)

摘　　要：本文在中国资源与环境时空数据库的支持下,利用20世纪70年代末期、90年代末期获取的陆地资源卫星图像和GIS分析方法,对洞庭湖区近20年的土地利用/覆盖变化进行了遥感调查,进而以水域与其他土地利用类型之间的转移变化为基础,对区域洪水调蓄能力的变化进行了估算。结果表明,变化比较显著的地类有3类:耕地减少了1.97%,各类建设用地总计增加了14.88%,水域面积增加的幅度为8.77%。因土地利用变化导致的区域洪水调蓄能力增加估计为6.23亿m3,由此增加的湖泊容积,最大为13.01亿m3。The research on the land use/cover change and its impact on ecologic environment is one of the frontiers and the hot spots in the globe change research. Based on the Chinese resource and environment spatial-temporal database, and using the Landsat TM, MSS and ETM data which were acquired in the end of 1970's and 1990's respectively, we analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use/cover changes in the Dongting Lake area, then made an assessment on changes of volume of the adjusted flood and lake water after the land use/cover change. The result shows that, during the last twenty years, the cultivated land decreased by 1.97% of total cultivated land. The construction land and the water area expanded, with an increase of 14.88% and 8.77% respectively. The ability of adjusting the flood water in this area had grown by 6.23×108m3, and the maximum storage capacity of the lake water had increased by 13.01×108m3 due to the land cover changes.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被变化 调蓄能力 遥感 洞庭湖区 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]