活性炭烟气脱硫技术研究新进展  

The New Development of FGD Techniques by Use of Activated Carbon

作　　者：刘中正[1] 串亚权[1] 尹华强 罗德明 胡玉英 华坚 

机构地区：[1]成都科学技术大学,成都610065

出　　处：《四川环境》1993年第4期9-12,共4页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：研制了新型活性炭脱硫剂——脱硫活性碳纤维。研究表明,脱硫活性碳纤维由于含碳量高、比表面积大、微孔丰富、孔径分布窄、有较多适于吸附SO_2的表面官能团,因而吸附能力及吸附、脱附速度显著大于普通活性炭。在相同工艺条件下,脱硫活性碳纤维吸附容量(mgSO_2/g)脱硫剂)为粒状活性炭的4—5倍,空速(Nm^(3烟气)/h·t脱硫制)达粒状活性炭的10倍。采用活性碳纤维脱硫可比普通活性碳脱硫剂用量成倍减少。另外,由于活性碳纤维阻力小,系统能耗可显著降低。活性碳烟气脱硫采用水洗再生,活性炭不受化学消耗,且能直接制得硫酸,但所得硫酸浓度一般为10—20％H_2SO_4,因而,稀硫酸的浓缩和应用成为此法经济上和技术上的主要问题。利用特制活性碳脱硫副产的30％浓度稀硫酸,解决了稀硫酸直接萃取中低品位磷矿的技术难题,变稀硫酸浓缩为料浆浓缩,实现了用活性炭脱硫副产稀硫酸直接生产市场需求量大、价值较高的氮磷复合肥料的技术路线。在四川某电厂5000Nm^3/h中试装置进行试验,运行至今已4000小时以上,脱硫率高达95％,产出复合肥料(N+P_2O_5>35％)数100吨。研究表明,如烟气SO_2浓度在0.3％以上,脱硫装置不但不增加电厂经济负担,还可做到略有盈利。In this paker, We developed a new activated carbon for desulphurization-acrivated carbonfiber (ACF). The results showed that the ACF has the features of high carbon content, large specific surface area. an abundance of micropores, narrow range of micropore size distribution, plenty of surface functional groups helping to adsorb SO_2 on ACF, so its adsorption capacity as well as adsorption and desorption rates are much greater than those of GAC. Under same experimental conditions. the adsorbed amount in about 4 to 5 times that of GAC. and the flow of flue gas per unit weight of adsorbent and time is 10 times that of GAC. Comparing with GAC, the amount of ACF used reduced by 50%. For lower resistance, the power consumption of ACF system in lessened largely. By way of water scrubbing, sulpuric acid can be created without chemical loss of activated carbon. But the concentration of the sulphuric acid is only about 10-20%, so concentrating and using it are the majer problems of this mechod. Sulphuric acid with the concentration of 30% and the by-product of the desulphurization with specially produced activated carbon solved the technological problem of dilute sulphuric acid directly extraction low or medium grade phosphate rock, and transformed the concentration of dilute sulphuric acid to that of pulp. So the nitrogen-phospborus compound fertilizer can be produced by use of the by-product of desulpurization with activated carbon. The pilot plant with the flow of 5000 Nm^3/h at a power station in aichuan has run for over 4000 hours with desulphurization ratio of 95%, created hundreds of tons of compound fertilizer (N+P_2O_5>35%). The investigation revealed that on the condition of SO_2 concentration is over 0.3% of the flue gas, the operaton of the facility will not increase the economic load, but profit slightly.

关 键 词：活性炭 脱硫剂 吸附 脱附 烟气 脱硫 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]