饲料原料中有毒有害物质的综合毒性测定法初探  

A Method of Comprehensive Detection of Toxic Substances in the Raw Materials of Laboratory Animal Feed

作　　者：陈俏梅[1] 潘振业[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海生物制品研究所卫生部上海实验动物监测中心,上海200051

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2001年第4期230-235,共6页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

摘　　要：目的　建立发光细菌综合毒性测定法 ,对实验动物饲料原料中有毒有害物质进行初筛。方法　用发光细菌作指示生物 ,测定金属离子Pb2 +,Zn2 +,Cr+,Hg2 +和毒性物质苯酚 ,灭害灵 ;以Hg2 +为毒性对照物 ,测定 10种饲料原料和 3种人用食品。结果　发光菌对有毒有害物质和金属离子敏感。在所测定的范围内 ,其发光强度随浓度增加而减弱 ,即相对抑光率增强 ,呈负线性相关 ,其相关系数在 0 .92以上 ;以Hg2 +为毒性对照物 ,对 10种饲料原料和 3种人用食品进行测定 ,其中脱水蔬菜相对抑光率最大 ,为 39.74% ,相当于 1.85× 10 - 5%Hg2 +的表征毒性 ,提示该样品可能受到农药和化肥等较严重的污染。结论　发光细菌综合毒性测定法 ,可用于饲料原料中有毒有害物质的初筛 ,是一种快速、经济。Objective To establish a method for the detection of residual toxic and harmful substances in the raw materials of laboratory animal feed by using Photobacterium Phosphoreum 502,(PP502).Methods PP502 was used as a bio indicator to detect the toxicity of:(1) metallic ions including Hg 2+ ,Pb 2+ ,Zn 2+ ,Cr +(2)toxic substances including phenol and miehailing (3)ten raw materials of laboratory anmial feed (4)three kinds of human food with Hg 2+ as the toxicity control.Results The results showed that PP502 was sensitive to the harmful and toxic substances and the metallic ions. The luminous intensity of PP502 was weakened with the increasing of the concentration of tested substances,while the relative luminosity inhibition rate of PP502 was increasing with the concentration of tested substances.There was negative linear coherence between the luminous intensity of PP502 and the concentration of tested substances. The relative cofficients were more than 0.92. Among the ten raw materials of laboratory animal feed and three kinds of human food, the dehydrated vegetables showed the heightest relative luminosity inhibition rate(39 74%), which is corresponding to the toxicity of 1.85×10 -5 % Hg 2+ . It suggested that the dehydrated vegetables was rather seriously contaminated probably by pestcides and chemical fertilizers.Conclusion The method is easy, time saving and economical, deserving further development as a method for general screening of toxic and harmful substances in the raw materials by animal feed.

关 键 词：初筛 对照 综合毒性 严重 灭害灵 减弱 实验动物 发光细菌 HG^2+ 有毒有害物质 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]