承运人主张免责情况下,适航义务举证责任问题研究  

On the Burden of proof of Due Diligence Where the Carrier alleges Immunity

作　　者：刘旭[1] 吴传红[1] 朱延东[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《中国海商法年刊》1999年第1期354-362,共9页Annual of China Maritime Law

摘　　要：按照“谁主张 ,谁举证”原则和最低限度事实说 ,适航义务的举证责任应当由主张免责不能成立的索赔方承担 ;然而从程序公正的角度考虑 ,由承运人承担适航义务的举证责任又较为合理 ,这两者的矛盾是合法性与合理性的矛盾。既然将合法的东西变得合理较之将合理的东西变得合法要困难得多 ,本文建议尽快以立法的方式对这一问题予以解决。In accordance with the principle of “the person who alleges bears the burden of proof” and the doctrine of minimum fact, the burden of proof of due diligence shall rest on the cargo interest alleging that immunity should not be granted. However, from the point of view of the justice of procedure, it is more reasonable that the carrier bears the burden of proof. The contradiction between the former and the latter is that of legitimacy vs. rationality. Since it is more difficult to change legitimacy to rationality than rationality to legitimacy, the article advises that the issue be resolved through legislation as soon as possible.

关 键 词：中国 《海商法》 海上运输 承运人 适航义务 举证责任 免责条款 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] U695[政治法律—法学]