影响溶剂气浮分离的物理和化学因素研究  

Research on the physical and Chemical Factor Influencing Solvent Flotation

作　　者：陈卫国[1] 任欣[1] 朱锡海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程研究中心,广州510275

出　　处：《广州环境科学》1997年第1期9-14,共6页Guangzhou Environmental Science

摘　　要：本文研究了待分离物呈表面活性物系(甲基橙、次甲基蓝、铁-邻二氮菲与作为捕集剂的十六烷基氯化吡啶、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、四甲基氯化铵、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸纳、烯丙基磺酸钠作用)和呈疏水性物系(铜-二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸纳、镍-丁二酮肟和铁-磷酸三丁酯)的溶剂气浮变化规律,并进行溶剂气浮法与泡沫分离法和溶剂萃取法对照研究,研究了影响各分离过程主要物理和化学因素的异同点。研究结果表明:待分离物质呈表面活性与呈疏水性的溶剂气浮分离行为是不同的,溶剂气浮是气泡吸附分离和水相与有机相的两相传质过程的耦合,而且这两个微过程又是相互制约的,其中气浮分离过程是决定溶剂气浮分离效率的关键,要使溶剂气浮分离效率大大提高,主要的途径是采用某种方法使得待分离体系具有较强的表面活性。This paper studies the solvent flotation regularities of surface active and hydrophobic materials, compares the solvent flotation process with foam separation and solvent extraction and concludes the main points of physical and chemical factor influencing the above processes.The results indicate that the separation behaviors of surface actives is different from those of hydrophobics.Solvent flotation is the coupling of bubble absorption and the material transfer between water and organic phases.These two micro-processes are restrained from each other in which flotation is the key of separation efficiency.The key way to increase flotation efficiency is to make the unseparated system more active in surface.

关 键 词：溶剂 表面活性 气浮分离 十二烷基磺酸 甲基橙 传质过程 氯化 气浮法 泡沫分离法 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X792