中国荒漠化的形成原因和分布特征  

Reasons of Formation and Characteristics of Distribution of Desertification in China

作　　者：袁嘉祖[1] 董晓燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学资源与环境学院 [2]北京林业大学学报编辑部,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2003年第4期41-44,共4页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：世界上的沙漠主要分布在副热带,唯独我国的沙漠分布在温带。根据有关文献和1994年我国沙漠化普查资料,介绍国内外现代干旱和沙漠化现状,分析青藏高原隆升、末次大冰期、水土资源分布、气候变化、社会经济干旱和人类不合理经济活动对我国北方沙漠化形成和分布的影响,以及未来发展趋势。建议要尽快实施跨流域调水、节水林牧业和依法治沙,彻底改变“三北”地区的干旱荒漠面貌。The deserts in the world are mainly distributed in the subtropical zone, only the deserts in China are in the temperate zone. Based on the relevant literature and the survey of sandy desertification in China in 1994, the current situation of draught and sandy desertification both at home and abroad are introduced, the factors influencing the formation and distribution of the deserts in the north of China are analysed. The major factors include the rising of the Qinghai-Ti-bet Plateau, the effects of the last glacial epoch, the water and soil resources, the climate changes, and the unreasonable human activities. The future development tendency of sandy desertification is predicted and the trans-regional water diversion projects, the water-saving forestry and husbandry and the combating of sandy desertification according to laws should be speeded up for the purposes of fundamentally controlling the draught and desertification in the north of China.

关 键 词：沙漠化 分布 干旱 荒漠化 温带 治沙 “三北”地区 中国 中国 经济活动 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程] S157[农业科学—农业工程]