36株生防菌对辣椒疫病等4种病原真菌的拮抗作用研究  

Study on the antagonisticfunction of thirty-six strains' antagonistic actinomycete to four kinds of pathogenic fungi

作　　者：司美茹[1] 薛泉宏[1] 余博[1] 袁虎林[2] 蔡艳[3] 来航线[1] 陈占全[4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院 [2]宝鸡市农科所,陕西岐山722400 [3]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川雅安625000 [4]青海省农林科学院土壤肥料研究所,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第1期49-54,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2002BA516A09);陕西省科技攻关专项(2003K03-G2-04)

摘　　要：　采用拮抗菌发酵液、皿内竞争及紫外线照射菌株代谢产物等方法,研究了36株生防菌对辣椒疫病、西瓜枯萎病、棉花枯萎病及黄瓜枯萎病4种病原真菌的拮抗作用。结果表明:(1)4种病原真菌在含有不同拮抗菌发酵液的平板上生长时,均受到不同程度的抑制,说明供试拮抗菌对4种病原真菌具有拮抗作用。36株供试拮抗菌对辣椒疫霉、西瓜枯萎菌、黄瓜枯萎菌和棉花枯萎菌有抑制效果的菌株数分别为30(占83.3%),27(占75%),24(占66.7%)和26(占72.2%)株。(2)36株供试拮抗菌中,与辣椒疫霉、黄瓜枯萎菌、棉花枯萎菌及西瓜枯萎菌具有竞争抑制作用的拮抗菌分别有19(52.7%),10(27.8%),6(16.8%)和11(30.6%)株。(3)菌株95W06,64G12,87W14,63G06,03GY022,31-4G02,28G14及10G27对辣椒疫霉菌具有抑制作用,其代谢产物经紫外线照射后,均失去对辣椒疫霉的抑制作用,表明此8株拮抗菌的代谢产物活性成分不稳定。(4)利用拮抗菌与病原菌的竞争抑制试验,可以从大量拮抗性菌株中快速筛选出有实际防效的生防菌。Antagonistic function of thirty-six strains' antagonistic actinomycete on Phytophthora capsici,F.f.sp.niveum,F.f.sp.vasinfectum,and F.f.sp.cucumerinum was studied by ferment fluid,competition in culture dish,and strains' metabolite irradiated with ultraviolet rays.The results indicated that:① Four kinds of pathogenic fungi on dishes having ferment fluid of different antagonistic actinomycetes were inhibited equally at different degree,which illustrated that there existed antibiotic function between the strains tested and pathogenic fungi.Strain quantities of ferment fluid of thirty-six strains of antagonistic actinomycete inhibiting Phytophthora capsici,F.f.sp.niveum,F.f.sp.vasinfectum,and F.f.sp.cucumerinum was thirty (83.3%),twenty-seven (75.0%),twenty-four (66.7%),and twenty-six (72.2%) respectively;(② Strain) quantities of antagonistic actinomycete being able to compete with Phytophthora capsici,F.f.sp.niveum,F.f.sp.vasinfectum,and F.f.sp.cucumerinum were nineteen (52.7%),ten (27.8%),six ((16.8%)),and eleven (30.6%) respectively;③ After metabolism of 95W06,64G12,87W14,63G06,03GY02②,31-4G02,28G14,and 10G27 and irradiated respectively,they all lost inhibiting activity;④ Function characteristic between the thirty-six strains of antagonistic actinomycete and four kinds of pathogenic fungi was different.

关 键 词：生防菌 病原真菌 拮抗作用 生物防治 放线菌 辣椒疫病 

分 类 号：S482.28[农业科学—农药学]