上海市大气气溶胶中铁的来源和化学种态研究  

Source identification and chemical speciation of iron in the aerosol particles in Shanghai City

作　　者：李爱国[1] 张桂林[1] 童永彭[1] 李晓林[1] 陆荣荣[1] 朱节清[1] 张元勋[1] 李燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2005年第2期148-154,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家基金"十五"重大和中科院创新工程重要方向性项目(KJCX2 SW No1);国家自然科学基金项目(10375084)

摘　　要：利用扫描质子微探针对上海市室内外大气气溶胶和排放源的单颗粒进行测量,用人工神经网络识别技术追踪了各种排放源对这些气溶胶中Fe的贡献.结果表明,对于上海的开放空间、半开放的公路隧道和室内环境,各种排放源的贡献并不相同.还利用穆斯堡尔光谱研究了室内外大气气溶胶中Fe的化学种态.实验发现,室内外气溶胶中Fe的种态不尽相同,在人民公园和高架桥开放空间中主要是铁的硫酸盐,在半开放的隧道中主要是α Fe2O3,在室内主要是α Fe2O3(α FeOOH).Fe种态的转变不仅和大气中SO2有关,而且和空气中云雾等因素有关.Aerosol particles (APs) have been extensively studied recently because they difference cause the poor visibility and adverse effects on health. The different size and speciation of aerosol particles cause the difference influences. Iron is one of the most large quantity elements in aerosol particles. Two suitable and lossless methods, SPM (scanning proton microprobe) and Mssbauer spectroscopy, had been used to identify the sources and speciation of aerosol particles from indoor and outdoor.Pollution source, such as construction dust, vehicle exhaust, coal and oil combustion, soil dust and metallurgical industry exhaust, of individual aerosol particles samples were collected. They were the major of the aerosol particles in Shanghai city. Three outdoor samples were collected to measure the total suspended particles (TSP): one was from a tunnel, another was from a viaduct side, and the other was from a park in the center of Shanghai City. More than 90% of the outdoor particles were smaller than 10 μm. Indoor samples of the fine particles were collected from the air conditioners at homes in five typical areas.The identification results showed that most APs in the park were derived from metallurgical industry exhaust, soil dust, and construction dust. Near the viaduct, metallurgical industry exhaust, soil dust, and vehicle exhaust contributed the most iron APs. In the tunnel, vehicle exhaust is the main source of iron APs. Those results were coincident with the local environment situation. The main iron sources of the indoor APs were same. But their contribution fraction had some differences. In average, the contributions of construction dust, metallurgical industry exhaust, soil dust, and vehicle dust were 35%, 35%, 27%, and 2.4%, respectively. All samples were measured with Mssbauer spectroscopies at RT and 80 K. Except the sample from the tunnel, there were no much difference of spectra between RT and 80 K. In tunnel, around 84% of iron was α-Fe_2O_3. According to the ratio of supermagnetic and fer

关 键 词：大气气溶胶 排放源 SO2 室内环境 硫酸盐 开放空间 FE2O3 人民公园 人工神经网络 上海 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X831