降解五氯酚厌氧生物反应器微生物种群结构的分子特性研究  

Molecular characterization of microbial populations in anaerobic PCP-degrading bioreactor

作　　者：任艳红[1] 徐向阳[1] 唐全[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310029

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2005年第2期214-219,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070026)

摘　　要：采用PCR DGGE技术,对降解PCP厌氧生物反应器污泥颗粒化过程微生物种群结构的时空分布变化特性进行了初步研究.结果表明,随着PCP负荷增加与污泥的颗粒化,污泥真细菌、古细菌组成均发生明显变化.当反应器稳定运行时,反应器内上下层污泥微生物种群结构组成相似,真细菌相似性Cs在71 4～77 6之间,古细菌Cs在70 4～76 7之间.反应器一旦受污染物负荷冲击干扰,反应器上下层污泥真细菌组成相似性Cs降至43 3,古细菌降至35 2.测序表明,颗粒污泥中存在不可培养的脱氯细菌,优势产甲烷细菌为Methanosaetaconcilii、Methanobacteri umsp.、Methanobrevibactersp.和Methanothrixsoehngenii.The dynamics of spatial and temporal distribution of microbial populations during granulation of anaerobic sludge in PCP(pentachlorophenol) degrading bioreactor was investigated by PCR-DGGE. The anaerobic granular sludge was obtained in the expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor increased PCP loading. Changes of the eubacterial and archaeal community structure were observed during the sludge granulation process. On the basis of Dice Coefficient (C_s), similarity analysis of the DGGE band patterns indicated that the composition of microbial community at different layers of the reactor exhibited a moderate shift during the stable phase, C_s between the top and bottom layers were 71.4～77.6 for the eubacteria and 70.4～76.7 for the archaea. Whereas the significant spatial variations of the microbial populations in the reactor occurred in the case of PCP shocking\|loadings, and C_s between the top and the bottom layer was sharply decreased to 43.3 and 35.2 for eubacterial and archaeal communities respectively. Sequence analysis of successfully retrieved DGGE bands showed that the presence of an uncultured-able PCP-dechlorinating eubacteria. For the archaea domain, the results indicated the predominance of methanogens closely related to Methanosaeta concilii,Methanobacterium sp.,Methanobrevibacter sp. and Methanothrix soehngenii.

关 键 词：污泥 反应器 降解 厌氧生物 微生物种群 五氯酚 产甲烷 古细菌 真细菌 DGGE技术 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q939.11[生物学—微生物学]