宏基因组克隆——微生物活性物质筛选的新途径  

Metagenome Cloning—A New Approach for Novel Microbial Bioactive Compounds Discovery

作　　者：阎冰[1] 洪葵[1] 许云 马超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所热带作物生物技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2005年第1期113-117,共5页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家"863"海洋生物技术青年基金项目资助(No.2002AA628140);海南省普通高校优秀中青年教师科研和教学奖励基金资助

摘　　要：在现有技术条件下自然界存在的微生物95%以上未能培养,采用传统的分离培养筛选的途径寻找新的微生物生物活性物质受到局限;宏基因组是特定小生境中全部微小生物遗传物质的总和,直接抽提环境样品中的总DNA,利用适宜的载体克隆到替代宿主细胞中构建宏基因组文库,通过外源基因赋予宿主细胞的新性状或基于某些已知DNA序列筛选,寻找新的生物活性物质或基因,极大地扩展了微生物资源的利用空间,增加了获得新的生物活性物质的机会。It is reported that more than 95% microbe species non-cultured or un-cultured yet in now days by the traditional cultivation approach, which limits discovering novel bioactive compounds from microorganisms. ‘Metagenome’ is the genomes of the total microbiota found in nature. Metagenome libraries were constructed by directly extracting DNA from environmental sample and transforming to surrogate host. The libraries were screened for novel bioactive compounds or genes surrounding their synthase in different strategies of function-driven or sequence-driven. These have enormously amplified the space of microbial resource utilization and enhanced the opportunity of obtain novel bioactive compounds.

关 键 词：宏基因组 环境总DNA 功能驱动筛选 序列驱动筛选 

分 类 号：Q933[生物学—微生物学]