大鼠海洛因中毒性脑损害病理与MRI的实验研究  

Pathological and MRI study on experimental heroin-induced brain damage in rats

作　　者：龙玉[1] 孔祥泉[1] 徐海波[1] 刘定西[1] 苑任[1] 于群[1] 熊茵[1] 邓先波[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院放射科

出　　处：《中华放射学杂志》2005年第2期121-126,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiology

摘　　要：目的通过动物实验探讨海洛因中毒性脑损害的病理特征及其MRI诊断价值。方法Wistar大鼠共40只,数字法随机分为海洛因注药组(简称注药组,共32只)及盐水对照组(简称对照组,共8只)。海洛因剂量逐日依次递增05mg/kg的整数倍,3次/d,腹腔注射,建立海洛因依赖大鼠模型和海洛因中毒性脑损害大鼠模型。同样方式注射不含海洛因的生理盐水建立对照组。注射纳洛酮后应用改进的柳田知司评分标准判断成瘾强度。2组大鼠在6个不同时期(累加剂量分别为918、1580、2686、3064、4336及4336mg/kg戒断2周)分别进行脑部的MR、光学显微镜(简称光镜)及电子显微镜(简称电镜)检查。结果第15天注药组和对照组大鼠戒断评分为(230±44)分和(14±05)分,统计学处理表明两组间差异具有统计学意义(t=9737,P<001),标志海洛因依赖大鼠模型建立成功。从累加剂量1580mg/kg开始至最高累加剂量4336mg/kg(第80天),注药组大鼠大、小脑均可见神经细胞变性坏死,表明海洛因中毒性脑损害大鼠模型建立成功。大鼠海洛因中毒性脑损害具体表现(1)大脑皮质神经细胞变性坏死和数量减少,呈典型“红色神经元”。光镜下,单因素方差分析表明,海洛因累加剂量4336mg/kg组与1580mg/kg组或对照组之间,大脑皮质神经细胞变性坏死数的差异具有统计学意义(P=0024及P=0032)Objective To study the pathological characteristics of the heroin-induced brain damage in rats, and to assess the diagnostic value of MRI. Methods A total of 40 adult Wistar rats were studied, 32 rats were used for injecting heroin as heroin group and 8 were used for injecting saline as control group. The heroin dependent rat model was established by administering heroin (ip) in the ascending dosage schedule (0.5 mg/kg), three times a day (at 8:00, 12:00, and 18:00). The control group was established by the same way by injection with saline. The withdrawal scores were evaluated with improved criterion in order to estimate the degree of addiction after administering naloxone. Based on the rat model of heroin dependence, the rat model of heroin-induced brain damage was established by the same way with increasing heroin dosage everyday. Two groups were examined by using MRI, light microscope, and electron microscope, respectively in different heroin accumulated dosage (918, 1580, 2686, 3064, 4336, and 4336 mg/kg withdrawal after 2 weeks). Results There was statistically significant difference (t=9.737, P<0.01) of the withdrawal scores between the heroin dependent group and the saline group(23.0±4.4 and 1.4±0.5, respectively).It suggested that the heroin dependent rat model be established successfully. In different accumulated dosage (from 1580 mg/kg to 4336 mg/kg), there were degeneration and death of nerve cells in cerebrum and cerebellum of heroin intoxicated rats, and it suggested that the rat model of heroin-induced brain damage was established successfully. The light microscope and electron microscope features of heroin-induced brain damage in rats included: (1) The nerve cells of cerebral cortex degenerated and died. According to the heroin accumulated dosage, there were statistically significant difference of the nerve cell deaths between 4336 mg/kg group and 1580 mg/kg group or control group (P=0.024 and P=0.032, respectively); (2) The main changes were deaths of granular cells in the CA 1-4 area of hippoc

关 键 词：脑损害 海洛因中毒 大鼠 坏死 小脑 对照组 药组 加剂量 注药 光学显微镜 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]