强塑性变形(SPD)制备超细晶粒材料的研究现状与发展趋势  

Progression of Studies on Severe Plastic Deformation Techniques

作　　者：许晓嫦[1] 刘志义[1] 党朋[1] 谭曼玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]株洲工学院,株洲412084

出　　处：《材料导报》2005年第1期1-5,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(03JJY3074)

摘　　要：强塑性变形(SPD)技术已成为21世纪获得微米、甚至纳米级细晶粒材料,在塑韧性损失不大的情况下成倍提高金属材料强度的手段。概要介绍了目前国内外开发的强塑性变形的新技术或新方法,指出,应力或塑性变形将成为今后改变材料组织性能的主要技术之一,将与热处理技术并驾齐驱。应力热处理专业将成为材料科学与工程中一个新型的专业。Severe plastic deformation(SPD)technique has become a means of obtaining submicron-scale, even nano-scale grained materials.By using this technique,the strength of metallic materials can he double enhanced without much loss of ductility.In this paper,the recent development of this technique is briefly introduced.It is also pointed out that stress or plastic deformation will become one of major techniques of changing the microstructures and properties of materials and will keep abreast with heat treatment.Stress-heat treatment will be a new special field of study in materials science and engineering.

关 键 词：塑性变形 超细晶粒 塑韧性 材料组织 金属材料 热处理技术 应力 制备 纳米级 新型 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG146[金属学及工艺—金属材料]