菲律宾蛤仔受精及早期胚胎发育过程的细胞学观察  

Cytological observations on fertilization and early embryonic development in Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：毕克[1] 包振民[1] 黄晓婷[1] 王珏[1] 方建光[2] 刘慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2004年第6期623-627,共5页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家十五"863"项目"菲律宾蛤仔大规模人工育苗技术"(2002AA603015)

摘　　要：利用HOECHST33258荧光染料对已固定的菲律宾蛤仔受精卵及早期胚胎样品进行染色的方法,连续观察记录了菲律宾蛤仔受精及早期胚胎发育的细胞生物学过程。结果表明,菲律宾蛤仔的成熟未受精卵子处于第一次成熟分裂中期;精卵混合后精子迅速结合于卵子周围并开始进行顶体反应;精子入卵后去致密并且激发卵子恢复两次成熟分裂,排放出第一及第二极体,完成成熟分裂;受精卵完全排放出第二极体的同时早期的精卵原核形成,随后二者相互靠拢,体积扩散膨大,在细胞中央位置形成各自的染色体组后完成联合;菲律宾蛤仔早期胚胎发育速度进程较快;在受精过程中存在极少数的多精受精现象。The cytology of the fertilization and early embryonic development in Ruditapes philippinarum were consecutively observed by the fluorescent microscope with HOECHST 33258 stained. The results showed that the mature eggs were at metaphase of meiosisⅠ. Sperms bound to the eggs and began the acrosomal reaction quickly after mix of sperms and eggs. With the activation of the dispersed sperms, the eggs released their first and second polar bodies and finished their meiotic division. The early male and female pronuclei were formed when the second polar body was released. The two pronuclei were expanded and closed to each other, finally associated with each other after the chromosomes formed in the central of the egg respectively. The development is quick in the early embryogenetic stage. There are a few of polyspermy phenomena in the fertilization process in Ruditapes philippinarum.

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 受精 早期胚胎 荧光显微术 

分 类 号：Q132.4[生物学—普通生物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]