光照对红螯螯虾繁殖性能及其受精卵卵质的影响  

Effects of photoperiod on reproduction performance and egg quality of Cherax quadricarinatus

作　　者：罗文[1] 赵云龙[1] 王群[1] 顾志敏[2] 徐谷星[2] 刘启文[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062 [2]浙江省淡水水产研究所,浙江湖州313001

出　　处：《水产学报》2004年第6期675-681,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30270161);上海市教委曙光计划;高校博士点基金(20010269002)

摘　　要：报道了不同光照时间长度对红螯螯虾繁殖性能及其受精卵中主要生化成分积累的影响。实验共分5组,Ⅰ组为自然光照;Ⅱ组为光照L∶D=12∶12(即每天光照时间为12h),Ⅲ组为L∶D=14∶10,Ⅳ组为L∶D=16∶8,Ⅴ组为L∶D=18∶6。结果显示,红螯螯虾雌虾1个月及2个月的抱卵率、增重率、性腺指数、孵化率从Ⅰ组至Ⅴ组均呈抛物线的变化趋势,其中实验Ⅳ组最高,以上指标分别为(61.54±2.09)%、(92.31±3.87)%、(29.48±0.51)%、(5.38±0.25)%和(46.99±3.15)%。与其它光照组相比,每只雌虾所抱卵卵重、平均抱卵量和平均单个卵卵重也以实验Ⅳ组为最高。在实验Ⅳ组受精卵中,氨基酸(必需和非必需氨基酸)的总量及主要氨基酸Leu、Arg、Glu均有显著增加。总脂在受精卵中所占的比重(干重和湿重),以实验Ⅲ、Ⅳ两组最高,与其它组相比差异显著。延长光照时间不影响卵内中性脂和磷脂按一定比例积累,各组中中性脂的百分含量均约是磷脂的2倍。无论中性脂还是磷脂,C18∶1ω9、C18∶2ω6、C16∶0、C16∶1四种脂肪酸的含量均较高;光照Ⅳ组中C20∶4的含量较低,而C20∶5ω3和C22∶6ω3的含量则较高。结果说明,日光照16h对红螯螯虾繁殖较为适宜,可明显改善其繁殖性能和受精卵的质量。Effects of different photoperiods on reproduction performances and accumulation of main biochemical components in the fertilized eggs of the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, were investigated. Crayfish were divided into five groups, groupⅠwas nature light , group Ⅱ to group Ⅴ were 12 h light/12 h dark, 14 h light/10 h dark, 16 h light/8 h dark, and 18 h light/6 h dark respectively. Results showed that during the one-and two-month periods spawning rate, weight gain rate, gonadosomatic index, and hatching rate of all experimental crayfish changed hyperbolically, with group IV exhibiting the highest values for each of these four endpoints, specifically, 61.54 % for one-month period spawning rate, 92.31 % for two-month periods spawning rate, (29.48±0.51)% for weight gain rate, (5.38±0.25)% for gonadosomatic index,and ((46.99±)3.15)% for hatching rate. Additionally, the total weight of eggs per female crayfish, the average spawning number and the average weight of individual eggs per female were the greatest in group Ⅳ. Significant increases in total amino acids (essential and non-essential amino acids) of the fertilized eggs and main amino acids (Leu, Arg and Glu) were also found in group Ⅳ. Total lipids of fertilized eggs (dry weight and wet weight) in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were the highest and each significantly differently from those of the other three groups. Photoperiod had no effect on the proportional accumulation of neutral lipids and phospholipids. The content of neutral lipids in each group was approximately twice as much as that of phospholipids. Both neutral lipids and phospholipids of all experimental crayfish were found to be mainly composed of C_(18∶1ω9), C_(18∶2ω6), C_(16∶0), and C_(16∶1) fatty acids. For crayfish of group IV, the content of C_(20∶4) was slightly lower whereas the contents of C_(20∶5ω3) and C_(22∶6ω3) were slightly higher than those for the other groups. These results suggest that photoperiod can significantly affect reproduction performances and

关 键 词：红螯螯虾 光照 繁殖性能 受精卵 卵质 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]